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Aladdin is a 1992 American animated musical fantasy comedy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The film was produced and directed by Ron Clements and John Musker, and is based on the Arabic folktale of the same name from the One Thousand and One Nights. The voice cast features Scott Weinger, Robin Williams, Linda Larkin, and Jonathan Freeman. The film follows the titular Aladdin, an Arabian street urchin, who finds a magic lamp containing a genie. With the genie's help, Aladdin disguises himself as a wealthy prince and tries to impress the Sultan in order to marry his free-spirited daughter, Princess Jasmine, while the Sultan's evil vizier Jafar plots to steal the magic lamp for his own uses.
Lyricist Howard Ashman first pitched the idea, and the screenplay went through three drafts before then-Disney Studios president Jeffrey Katzenberg agreed to its production. The animators based their designs on the work of caricaturist Al Hirschfeld, and computers were used for both finishing the artwork and creating some animated elements. The musical score was written by Alan Menken and features six songs with lyrics written by both Ashman and Sir Tim Rice, who took over after Ashman's death.
Aladdin was released on November 11, 1992. It received positive reviews from critics (particularly for Williams' performance). It was a commercial success, becoming the highest-grossing film of 1992 with an earning of over $504 million in worldwide box office revenue. Upon release, it became the first animated feature to reach the half-billion-dollar mark and was the highest-grossing animated film of all time until it was surpassed by The Lion King (1994).
Aladdin garnered two Academy Awards, as well as other accolades for its soundtrack, which had the first and only number from a Disney feature to earn a Grammy Award for Song of the Year, for the film's "A Whole New World," sung by Peabo Bryson and Regina Belle. The film's home video VHS release also set a sales record and grossed about $500 million in the United States. Template:Nobreak success led to various derived works and other material inspired by the film, including two direct-to-video sequels The Return of Jafar (1994) and Aladdin and the King of Thieves (1996), an animated television series, and a Broadway adaptation. A live-action film adaptation directed by Guy Ritchie was released on May 24, 2019.
Plot[]
A merchant shows the viewers a lamp that is up for sale, and begins to tell a story.
Jafar, the royal vizier of the fictional Middle Eastern city of Agrabah, seeks a lamp hidden within the Cave of Wonders. He is told that only one person is worthy to enter: "the diamond in the rough," whom Jafar later identifies as a young street urchin named Aladdin. Meanwhile, Princess Jasmine becomes upset that the law requires her to marry a prince instead of marrying for love. She escapes the palace, and meets Aladdin and his pet monkey, Abu, who save her from an angry merchant. The palace guards then capture Aladdin on Jafar's orders. Jasmine confronts Jafar to demand Aladdin's release, but he lies to her, saying Aladdin has been executed.
Disguised as a feeble old man, Jafar frees Aladdin and Abu and brings them to the cave, ordering them to retrieve the lamp. After being told to touch nothing but the lamp, Aladdin finds a magic carpet inside, and obtains the lamp. Forgetting the cave's rule, Abu grabs a jewel. Aladdin, Abu, and the carpet rush to escape the cave as it collapses. Aladdin gives the lamp to Jafar, who throws him and Abu back into the cave, though not before Abu steals the lamp back. Trapped, Aladdin rubs the lamp and meets the genie who lives inside it. The Genie grants Aladdin three wishes. Aladdin tricks the Genie into freeing them all from the cave without using a wish, then uses his first wish to become a prince to woo Jasmine, and promises to use his third wish to free the Genie from servitude.
Jafar's parrot Iago suggests that he plots to become Sultan by marrying Jasmine. Aladdin, as "Prince Ali Ababwa," arrives in Agrabah with a large host, but Jasmine becomes angry when he discusses her fate with her father, the Sultan, and Jafar without her. As a means of apologizing, Aladdin takes Jasmine on a ride on the magic carpet. When she infers his true identity by mentioning Abu, he lies to her, saying that he only dresses as a commoner to escape the stresses of royal life. After Aladdin brings Jasmine home, the palace guards capture Aladdin on Jafar's behest and throw him into the sea. The Genie appears and saves Aladdin, at the cost of his second wish. Aladdin returns to the palace and exposes Jafar's evil plot. Jafar flees after spotting the lamp and thus discovering Aladdin's true identity.
Fearing that he will lose Jasmine if the truth is revealed, Aladdin breaks his promise and refuses to free the Genie. Iago steals the lamp, and Jafar becomes the Genie's new master. He uses his first two wishes to become Sultan and the world's most powerful sorcerer. He then exposes Aladdin, exiling him, Abu, and the carpet to a frozen wasteland, though they escape. Jasmine tries to help Aladdin steal the lamp back, but Jafar notices and overpowers her, Abu, and the carpet with his magic. Aladdin taunts Jafar for being less powerful than the Genie, tricking Jafar into using his last wish to become an all-powerful genie himself. Now bound to his new lamp, Jafar ends up trapped inside it, taking Iago with him. The Genie then throws Jafar's lamp far into the desert, banishing Jafar and Iago to the Cave of Wonders for 10,000 years.
With Agrabah returned to normal, the Genie advises Aladdin to use his third wish to regain his royal title, so the law will allow him to stay with Jasmine. Aladdin instead decides to keep his promise, and frees the Genie. Realizing Aladdin's nobility, the Sultan changes the law to allow Jasmine to marry whom she chooses. The Genie bids the group a fond farewell and leaves to explore the world, while Aladdin and Jasmine start their new life together.
Cast[]
- Scott Weinger as Aladdin, a poor yet kind-hearted Agrabah thief. For his audition, Weinger sent in a homemade audition tape as Aladdin with his mother playing the Genie,[3] and after several callbacks found out six months later that he had been cast as the title character.[4] Aladdin's supervising animator was Glen Keane. Brad Kane provides Aladdin's singing voice.[5]
- Robin Williams as the Genie, a hyperactive jinn with great power that can only be exercised when his master wishes it. He serves as the film's comic relief. Clements and Musker had written the role of the Genie for Robin Williams, and, when met with resistance, created a reel of a Williams stand-up to animation of the Genie. The directors asked Eric Goldberg, Genie's supervising animator, to animate the character over one of Williams' old stand-up comedy routines to pitch the idea to the actor. The resulting test, where Williams' stand-up about schizophrenia was translated into Genie growing another head to argue with himself, made Williams "laugh his ass off" and convinced him to sign on for the role. Williams' appearance in Aladdin marks the beginning of a transition in animation to celebrity voice actors, rather than specifically trained voice actors in animated films.[6]
- Williams also voices a peddler who appears in the beginning of the film. The peddler's singing voice was provided by Bruce Adler.
- Linda Larkin as Jasmine, the princess of Agrabah and daughter of the Sultan, who is bored of life in the royal palace. Larkin was chosen for the role of Jasmine nine months after her audition, and had to adjust, or lower, her high-pitched voice to reach the voice the filmmakers were looking for in the character.[7] Jasmine's supervising animator was Mark Henn. Lea Salonga provides Jasmine's singing voice.[8]
- Jonathan Freeman as Jafar, the power-hungry Grand vizier of Agrabah. Freeman was the first actor cast and spent one year and nine months recording his dialogue. He later readjusted his voice after Weinger and Larkin were cast as he felt "Jafar had to be seen as a real threat to Aladdin and Jasmine,"[9] as he was originally envisioned as an irritable character, but the directors decided that a calm villain would be scarier.[7] Jafar's supervising animator was Andreas Deja, while Jafar's beggar and snake forms are animated by Kathy Zielinski.[10]
- Frank Welker as Abu, Aladdin's kleptomaniac pet monkey with a falsetto voice. Welker also voices Jasmine's tiger Rajah and the Cave of Wonders.[10] Duncan Marjoribanks was the supervising animator for Abu, Aaron Blaise was the supervising animator for Rajah and Goldberg was the supervising animator for the Cave of Wonders.
- Gilbert Gottfried as Iago, Jafar's sardonic, hot-tempered parrot assistant. Although he is not anthropomorphic at all, he uses his ability to mimic speech to communicate on a human level. Will Finn was the supervising animator for Iago.
- Douglas Seale as the Sultan, the dimwitted yet friendly ruler of Agrabah, who desperately tries to find a suitor for his daughter Jasmine. The Sultan's supervising animator was David Pruiksma.
- Jim Cummings as Razoul, the Captain of the Guards. He and the other guards were animated by Phil Young and Chris Wahl.
- Charlie Adler as Gazeem, a thief that Jafar sends into the Cave of Wonders at the beginning of the film, but is trapped inside for being unworthy. Gazeem was animated by T. Daniel Hofstedt.
- Corey Burton as Prince Achmed, an arrogant prince whom Jasmine rejects as a suitor.
Production[]
Script and development[]
In 1988, lyricist Howard Ashman pitched the idea of an animated musical adaptation of Aladdin. Ashman had written a 40-page film treatment remaining faithful to the plot and characters of the original story, but envisioned as a campy 1930s-style musical with a Cab Calloway/Fats Waller-like Genie.[11] Along with partner Alan Menken, Ashman composed several songs and added original characters such as Aladdin's friends named Babkak, Omar, and Kassim to the story.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".[12] However, Michael Eisner did not think a story set in the Middle East would be commercially appealing,[13] and their project was removed from active development. Ashman and Menken were later recruited to compose songs for Beauty and the Beast (1991).[14] Linda Woolverton, who had also worked on Beauty and the Beast, used their treatment and developed a draft with inspired elements from The Thief of Bagdad (1940), such as a villain named Jaf'far, an aged sidekick retired human thief named Abu, and a human handmaiden for the princess.[15][16] Then, directors Ron Clements and John Musker joined the production, picking Aladdin out of three projects offered, which also included an adaptation of Swan Lake and King of the Jungle—that eventually became The Lion King (1994).[17] Before Ashman's death in March 1991, he and Menken had composed "Prince Ali" and his last song, "Humiliate the Boy."[18]
Musker and Clements wrote a draft of the screenplay, and then delivered a story reel to studio chief Jeffrey Katzenberg in April 1991.[12] Katzenberg thought the script "didn't engage," and on a day known by the staff as "Black Friday," demanded that the entire story be rewritten without rescheduling the film's November 25, 1992 release date.[19] Katzenberg requested for Clements and Musker to not be heavily dependent on Ashman's vision,Script error: No such module "Footnotes". and the removal of Aladdin's mother, remarking, "Eighty-six the mother. The mom's a zero."[20] Katzenberg also influenced in changing the plot element about Jasmine's marriage, which originally had her required by law to be married by sixteen, to remove the age—the Sultan only says "your next birthday"—and make it more specific that her suitor needed to be a prince, which would also set up the ending where the Sultan, inspired by Aladdin's altruism, changes the law to make Jasmine able to marry anyone she deems worthy.[21]
Screenwriting duo Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio were brought in to rework the story,[12] and the changes they made included the removal of Aladdin's mother, the strengthening of the character of Princess Jasmine, and the deletion of several Ashman and Menken's songs.[22] Aladdin's personality was rewritten to be "a little rougher, like a young Harrison Ford,"[12][23] and the parrot Iago, originally conceived as an uptight British archetype, was reworked into a comic role after the filmmakers saw Gilbert Gottfried in Beverly Hills Cop II (1989), who was then cast for the role.[24] By October 1991, Katzenberg was satisfied with the new version of Aladdin.[11] As with Woolverton's screenplay, several characters and plot elements were based on The Thief of Bagdad (1940),[25][26] though the location of the film was changed from Baghdad to the fictional Arabian city of Agrabah.[27]
According to 1994 article in The Advocate, Disney executive Jeffrey Katzenberg asked Thomas Schumacher, an openly gay producer, if any of the gay references in the film offended him, such as a scene where the Genie turns into an "effeminate clothier", and another in which he tells Aladdin that "I really like you too, kid, but that doesn't mean I want to pick out curtains with you". Schumacher responded that such references were in "good fun", remarking that "I know we all argue amongst ourselves, but why try to deny the fact that swishy fashion designers exist? They do! What are we running from? Show me ten hairdressers; I'll show you eight gay men".[28]
Design and animation[]
The design for most characters was based on the work of caricaturist Al Hirschfeld,[30] which production designer Richard Vander Wende also considered appropriate to the theme, due to similarities to the flowing and swooping lines found in Arabic calligraphy.[21] Jafar's design was not based on Hirschfeld's work because Jafar's supervising animator, Andreas Deja, wanted the character to be contrasting.[31] Each character was animated alone, with the animators consulting each other to make scenes with interrelating characters. Since Aladdin's animator Glen Keane was working in the California branch of Walt Disney Feature Animation, and Jasmine's animator Mark Henn was in the Florida one at Disney-MGM Studios, they had to frequently phone, fax or send designs and discs to each other.[21] The animators filmed monkeys at the San Francisco Zoo to study their movements for Abu's character.[7] Iago's supervising animator Will Finn tried to incorporate some aspects of Gottfried's appearance into the parrot's design, especially his semi-closed eyes and the always-appearing teeth.[7] Some aspects of the Sultan were inspired by the Wizard of Oz, to create a bumbling authority figure.[7] Andreas Deja, Jafar's supervising animator, tried to incorporate Jonathan Freeman's facial expressions and gesturing into the character.[30] Animator Randy Cartwright described working on the Magic Carpet as challenging, since it is only a rectangular shape, that expresses itself through pantomime—"It's sort of like acting by origami."[21] Cartwright kept folding a piece of cloth while animating to see how to position the Carpet.[21] After the character animation was done, the carpet's surface design was applied digitally.[30]
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"In early screenings, we played with him being a little bit younger, and he had a mother in the story. [...] In design he became more athletic-looking, more filled out, more of a young leading man, more of a teen-hunk version than before."
–John Musker on Aladdin's early design[32]
Designed by a team led by supervising animator Glen Keane, Aladdin was initially going to be as young as thirteen, and was originally made to resemble actor Michael J. Fox. During production, it was decided that the design was too boyish and lacked appeal, so the character was made eighteen and redesigned to add elements derived from actor Tom Cruise and Calvin Klein models.[32][33]
For the scenery design, various architectural elements seen in 19th-century orientalist paintings and photographs of the Arab world were used for guidance.[34] Other inspirations for design were Disney's animated films from the 1940s and '50s and the 1940 film The Thief of Bagdad.[21] The coloring was done with the computerized CAPS process, and the color motifs were chosen according to the personality—the protagonists use light colors such as blue, the antagonists darker ones such as red and black, and Agrabah and its palace use the neutral color yellow.[7][30] Computer animation was used for several elements of the film, such as the tiger entrance of the Cave of Wonders and the scene where Aladdin tries to escape the collapsing cave.[30] Some of the software that was used was Pixar's RenderMan.
Musker and Clements created the Genie with Robin Williams in mind; even though Katzenberg suggested actors such as John Candy, Steve Martin and Eddie Murphy, Williams was approached and eventually accepted the role. Williams came for voice recording sessions during breaks while filming two other films he was starring in at the time, Hook (1991) and Toys (1992). Unusually for an animated film, much of Williams's dialogue was ad-libbed. For some scenes, Williams was given topics and dialogue suggestions, but allowed to improvise his lines.[30] It was estimated that Williams improvised 52 characters.[35] Eric Goldberg, the supervising animator for the Genie, then reviewed Williams's recorded dialogue and selected the best gags and lines that his crew would create character animation to match.[30]
The producers added many in-jokes and references to Disney's previous works in the film, such as a "cameo appearance" from directors Clements and Musker and drawing some characters based on Disney workers.[10] Beast, Sebastian, and Pinocchio make brief appearances,[7] and the wardrobe of the Genie at the end of the film—a Goofy hat, a Hawaiian shirt, and sandals—are a reference to a short film that Robin Williams did for the Disney-MGM Studios tour in the late 1980s.[10]
Robin Williams' conflicts with the studio[]
In gratitude for his success with Touchstone Pictures' Good Morning, Vietnam, Robin Williams voiced the Genie for SAG scale pay—$75,000—instead of his asking fee of $8 million, on condition that his name or image not be used for marketing, and his (supporting) character not take more than 25% of space on advertising artwork, since Williams' film Toys was scheduled for release one month after Aladdin's debut. For financial reasons, the studio went back on the deal on both counts, especially in poster art by having the Genie in 25% of the image, but having other major and supporting characters portrayed considerably smaller. The Disney Hyperion book Aladdin: The Making of an Animated Film listed both of Williams's characters "The Peddler" and "The Genie" ahead of main characters, but was forced to refer to him only as "the actor signed to play the Genie."[33][36][37]
Disney, while not using Williams' name in commercials as per the contract, used his voice for the Genie in the commercials and used the Genie character to sell toys and fast food tie-ins, without having to pay Williams additional money; Williams unhappily quipped at the time, "The only reason Mickey Mouse has three fingers is because he can't pick up a check." Williams explained to New York magazine that his previous Mork & Mindy merchandising was different because, "the image is theirs. But the voice, that's me; I gave them myself. When it happened, I said, 'You know I don't do that.' And they [Disney] apologized; they said it was done by other people."[38] Disney attempted to assuage Williams by sending him a Pablo Picasso painting worth more than $1 million at the time, but this move failed to repair the damaged relationship, as the painting was a self-portrait of Picasso as the artist Vincent van Gogh and apparently really "clashed" with the Williams' wilder home decor.[39] Williams refused to sign on for the 1994 direct-to-video sequel The Return of Jafar, so it was Dan Castellaneta who voiced the Genie. When Jeffrey Katzenberg was replaced by Joe Roth as Walt Disney Studios chairman, Roth organized a public apology to Williams.[40] Williams would, in turn, reprise the role in the second sequel, Aladdin and the King of Thieves, in 1996.[41]
Music[]
Aladdin was the third—after The Little Mermaid (1989) and Beauty and the Beast (1991)—and final Disney film Alan Menken and Howard Ashman had collaborated on, with Tim Rice taking over as lyricist after Ashman had died in March 1991.[42] Although fourteen songs were written for Aladdin, only seven are featured in the film, three by Ashman and four by Rice.[43] Menken, Ashman, and Rice were praised for creating a soundtrack that is "consistently good, rivaling the best of Disney's other animated musicals from the '90s."[44] The Special Edition soundtrack released in 2004 included four songs in early animation tests, and a music video of one, "Proud of Your Boy," performed by Clay Aiken,[45] which also appears on the album Disneymania 3.[46] The version of the song "A Whole New World" performed by Peabo Bryson and Regina Belle, which plays over the end credits, is, as of 2019[update], the only Disney song to win a Grammy Award for Song of the Year.[47][48]
Themes[]
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"The original story was sort of a winning the lottery kind of thing ... Like having anything you could wish for would be the greatest thing in the world and having it taken away from you is bad, but having it back is great. We didn't really want that to be the message of the movie."
–Ron Clements[21]
The filmmakers thought the moral message of the original tale was inappropriate, and decided to "put a spin on it" by making the fulfillment of wishes seem like a great solution, but eventually becoming a problem.[21] Another major theme was avoiding an attempt to be what the person is not—both Aladdin and Jasmine get into trouble pretending to be different people,[7] and the Prince Ali persona fails to impress Jasmine, who only falls for Aladdin when she finds out who he truly is.[49] Being "imprisoned" is also presented, a fate that occurs to most of the characters—Aladdin and Jasmine are limited by their lifestyles, Genie is attached to his lamp, and Jafar to the Sultan—and is represented visually by the prison-like walls and bars of the Agrabah palace, and the scene involving caged birds which Jasmine later frees.[7] Jasmine is also depicted as a different type of Disney Princess, being rebellious against the royal life and the social structure.[50]
Release[]
Box office[]
A large promotion campaign preceded Aladdin's debut in theaters, with the film's trailer being attached to most Disney VHS releases (including One Hundred and One Dalmatians in April 1992 and Beauty and the Beast in October that year), and numerous tie-ins and licensees being released.[51] Aladdin was released on November 11, 1992 in two theatres (the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles and the City Cinemas 1, 2 and 3rd Avenue in New York City) and grossed $196,664 in its first 5 days.[52][53] The film expanded to 1,131 theaters on November 25, 1992, grossing $19.2 million for the weekend, finishing second at the US box office, behind Home Alone 2: Lost in New York.[54] It took eight weeks for the film to surpass Beauty and the Beast as the most successful animated Disney film at the domestic box office (surpassed by The Lion King in 1994).[55]
By February 1993, it surpassed Batman Returns to become the highest-grossing 1992 film domestically.[56] In the United States, the film held the top spot for five times weekly and breaks the record for the week between Christmas and New Year's Eve with $32.2 million during its 22-week run.[57] Aladdin was the most successful film of 1992, grossing $217 million in the United States and over $504 million worldwide.[2] It was the biggest gross for an animated film until The Lion King two years later, and was the first full-length animated film to gross $200 million in the United States and Canada. Additionally, it was the first film to cross that mark since Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991).[58]
Outside of the United States and Canada, the film grossed $200 million in 1993,[59] and $250 million by January 1994.[60] In Europe, Aladdin defeated Jurassic Park to become the continent's box office leader.[61] It set an opening weekend record in South Africa.[62] By 2002, the film had grossed $287 million overseas and $504 million worldwide.[63] Currently, it is the 35th highest-grossing animated film and the third highest-grossing traditionally animated feature worldwide, behind The Lion King and The Simpsons Movie (2007).[64] It sold an estimated 52.4 million tickets in the United States and Canada.[65] When adjusted for inflation (in 2022 dollars), its domestic gross totals $491.4 million.[66]
Home media[]
The film was first released in VHS on September 29, 1993, as part of the Walt Disney Classics line, although, it was not officially advertised until October 1.[67] In its first three days of availability, Aladdin sold 10.8 million copies,[68] setting the fastest sales record[69] and grossing about $265,000,000Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". in the United States.[70] In less than three weeks, the VHS release of Aladdin sold over 16 million units and grossed over $400,000,000Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". in the United States.[71] Upon release of the Sega Genesis video game adaptation in November, Aladdin sold about 30 million home video units,[68] earning over $500,000,000Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[". in the United States.[72] It was the best-selling home video release up until its record was later broken by The Lion King.[73] This VHS edition entered moratorium on April 30, 1994.[74] A Spanish-dubbed VHS for the American market was released on April 14, 1995.[75] In Japan, 2.2 million home video units were sold by 1995.[76][77]
On October 5, 2004, Aladdin was re-released onto VHS and for the first time released on DVD, as part of Disney's Platinum Edition line. The DVD release featured retouched and cleaned-up animation, which had been prepared for the film's planned but ultimately cancelled IMAX reissue in 2003,[78] and a second disc with bonus features. Accompanied by a $19 million marketing campaign,[79] the DVD sold about 3 million units in its first month.[80] The film's soundtrack was available in its original Dolby 5.1 track or in a new Disney Enhanced Home Theater Mix.[45] The DVD went into moratorium in January 2008, along with its sequels.[81]
Reception[]
Critical reception[]
The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that Script error: No such module "Rotten Tomatoes data". of Script error: No such module "Rotten Tomatoes data". critics gave the film a positive review, with an average rating of Script error: No such module "Rotten Tomatoes data".. The site's consensus reads, "A highly entertaining entry in Disney's renaissance era, Aladdin is beautifully drawn, with near-classic songs and a cast of scene-stealing characters."[82] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 86 out of 100 based on 25 critics, indicating "universal acclaim."[83] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film a rare "A+" grade.[84]
Most critics praised Robin Williams's performance as the Genie,[82] with Janet Maslin of The New York Times declaring that children "needn't know precisely what Mr. Williams is evoking to understand how funny he is."[85] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times commented that Williams and animation "were born for one another."[86] Warner Bros. Cartoons director Chuck Jones even called the film "the funniest feature ever made."[12] James Berardinelli gave it Template:Frac out of 4 stars, praising the "crisp visuals and wonderful song-and-dance numbers."[87] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone said the comedy made the film accessible to both children and adults,[88] a vision shared with Desson Howe of The Washington Post, who also said "kids are still going to be entranced by the magic and adventure."[89] Brian Lowry of Variety praised the cast of characters, describing the expressive magic carpet as "its most remarkable accomplishment" and considered that "Aladdin overcomes most story flaws thanks to sheer technical virtuosity."[90]
Some aspects of the film were widely criticized. Ed Gonzalez of Slant Magazine wrote a negative review, describing the film as racist, ridiculous, and a "narcissistic circus act" from Robin Williams.[91] Ebert, who had generally praised the film in his review, considered the music inferior to its predecessors The Little Mermaid and Beauty and the Beast, and claimed Aladdin and Jasmine were "pale and routine." He criticized what he saw as the film's use of ethnic stereotypes, writing: "Most of the Arab characters have exaggerated facial characteristics—hooked noses, glowering brows, thick lips—but Aladdin and the princess look like white American teenagers."[86]
Accolades[]
List of awards and nominations | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Award | Category | Nominee(s) | Result | Ref. | |
Academy Awards | Best Original Score | Alan Menken | Won | [92] | |
Best Original Song | "A Whole New World" Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Tim Rice |
Won | |||
"Friend Like Me" Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Howard Ashman |
Nominated | ||||
Best Sound | Terry Porter, Mel Metcalfe, David J. Hudson, and Doc Kane | Nominated | |||
Best Sound Effects Editing | Mark Mangini | Nominated | |||
Annie Awards | Best Animated Feature | Won | [93] | ||
ASCAP Film and Television Music Awards | Top Box Office Films | Howard Ashman, Alan Menken, and Tim Rice | Won | ||
Most Performed Songs from Motion Pictures | "A Whole New World" Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Tim Rice |
Won | |||
BMI Film & TV Awards | Film Music Award | Alan Menken | Won | ||
Most Performed Song from a Film | "A Whole New World" Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Tim Rice |
Won | |||
British Academy Film Awards | Best Score | Alan Menken | Nominated | [94] | |
Best Special Visual Effects | Don Paul and Steve Goldberg | Nominated | |||
Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards | Best Film | Nominated | |||
Best Animated Film | Won | ||||
Golden Globe Awards | Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy | Nominated | [95] | ||
Best Original Score | Alan Menken | Won | |||
Best Original Song | "A Whole New World" Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Tim Rice |
Won | |||
"Friend Like Me" Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Howard Ashman |
Nominated | ||||
"Prince Ali" Music by Alan Menken; Lyrics by Howard Ashman |
Nominated | ||||
Special Achievement Award | Robin Williams | Won | |||
Golden Reel Awards | Best Sound Editing – Animated Feature | Doc Kane, Vince Caro, and Mark Mangini | Won | ||
Golden Screen Awards | Won | ||||
Grammy Awards | Record of the Year | "A Whole New World" – Peabo Bryson, Regina Belle, and Walter Afanasieff | Nominated | [96] | |
Song of the Year | "A Whole New World" – Alan Menken and Tim Rice | Won | |||
Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals | "A Whole New World" – Peabo Bryson and Regina Belle | Won | |||
Best Musical Album for Children | Aladdin: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack – Various Artists | Won | |||
Best Spoken Word Album for Children | Aladdin Sound & Story Theatre – Various Artists | Nominated | |||
Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | Aladdin: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack – Alan Menken | Won | |||
Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television | "A Whole New World" – Alan Menken and Tim Rice | Won | |||
"Friend Like Me" – Alan Menken and Howard Ashman | Nominated | ||||
Hugo Awards | Best Dramatic Presentation | Ron Clements, John Musker, Ted Elliott, Terry Rossio, Burny Mattinson, Roger Allers, Daan Jippes, Kevin Harkey, Sue Nichols, Francis Glebas, Darrell Rooney, Larry Leker, James Fujii, Kirk Hanson, Kevin Lima, Rebecca Rees, David S. Smith, Chris Sanders, Brian Pimental, and Patrick A. Ventura |
Nominated | [97] | |
ICG Publicists Awards | Maxwell Weinberg Publicist Showmanship Award | Won | [98] | ||
Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards | Best Animation | John Musker and Ron Clements | Won | [99] | |
MTV Movie Awards | Best Movie | Nominated | |||
Best Comedic Performance | Robin Williams | Won | |||
Best Song From a Movie | Peabo Bryson and Regina Belle – "A Whole New World" | Nominated | |||
Online Film & Television Association Awards | Hall of Fame – Motion Picture | Inducted | [100] | ||
Satellite Awards | Outstanding Youth DVD | Nominated | [101] | ||
Saturn Awards (1992) | Best Fantasy Film | Won | [102] | ||
Best Supporting Actor | Robin Williams | Won | |||
Best Performance by a Younger Actor | Scott Weinger | Won | |||
Best Music | Alan Menken | Nominated | |||
Saturn Awards (2004) | Best Classic Film DVD Release | Nominated | |||
Southeastern Film Critics Association Awards | Best Picture | Template:Draw | [103] | ||
Young Artist Awards | Outstanding Family Entertainment of the Year | Won[lower-alpha 1] | [104] |
The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:
- 2000: AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – Nominated[105]
- 2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:[106]
- "Friend Like Me" – Nominated
- "A Whole New World" – Nominated
- 2006: AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals – Nominated[107]
Controversies[]
One of the verses of the opening song "Arabian Nights" was altered following complaints from the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC). The lyrics were changed in July 1993 from "Where they cut off your ear if they don't like your face" in the original release to "Where it's flat and immense and the heat is intense," with the change first appearing on the 1993 video release.[108][109] The original lyric was intact on the initial CD soundtrack release, but the re-releases use the edited lyric. The Broadway adaptation also uses the edited line.[110] The subsequent line however, "It's barbaric, but hey, it's home," was left intact. Entertainment Weekly ranked Aladdin in a list of the most controversial films in history, due to this incident.[111] The number has been described in reviews as "simultaneously glamorizing and barbarizing the Arab world."[112] The ADC also complained about the portrayal of the lead characters Aladdin and Jasmine. They accused the filmmakers of anglicizeing their features and giving them Anglo-American accents, in contrast to the other characters in the film, which have foreign accents, grotesque facial features, and appear villainous or greedy.[109]
Concerns were also raised to another scene. When Aladdin is threatened by the tiger Rajah on the palace balcony, Aladdin quietly says a line that some people reported hearing as "Good teenagers, take off your clothes,"[113] which they considered a subliminal reference to promiscuity. However, according to the commentary track on the 2004 DVD, while Musker and Clements did admit Scott Weinger ad-libbed during the scene, they claimed "we did not record that, we would not record that," and said the line was "Good tiger, take off and go..." and the word "tiger" is overlapped by Rajah's snarl.[114] After the word tiger, a second voice can be heard which has been suggested was accidentally grafted onto the soundtrack.[115]
Animation enthusiasts have noticed similarities between Aladdin and Richard Williams' unfinished film The Thief and the Cobbler (also known as The Princess and the Cobbler under Allied Filmmakers and Arabian Knight under Miramax Films). These similarities include a similar plot, similar characters, scenes and background designs, and the antagonist Zig-Zag's resemblance in character design and mannerisms to Genie and Jafar.[116][117] Though Aladdin was released first, The Thief and the Cobbler initially began production much earlier in the 1960s, and was mired in difficulties including financial problems, copyright issues, story revisions and late production times caused by separate studios trying to finish the film after Richard Williams was fired from the project for lack of finished work.[118] The late release, coupled with Miramax purchasing and re-editing the film, has sometimes resulted in The Thief and the Cobbler being labeled a rip-off of Aladdin.[117]
Legacy[]
Alongside its role in the Disney Renaissance, Aladdin is often credited as the catalyst in the rise of casting film stars as voice actors in Hollywood animated films with the success of Robin Williams's Genie performance.[119][120][121][122] Entertainment writer Scott Meslow wrote that compared with the character of Aladdin, "Williams's Genie is the character audiences responded to, and—more importantly to Disney—its most marketable character by far," which he concludes led to the "celebrification" of later animated films such as Shark Tale (2004) and Puss in Boots (2011).[121]
Live-action adaptations[]
Live-action prequel spin-off[]
On July 15, 2015, the studio announced the development of a live-action comedy adventure prequel called Genies. The film was being written by Mark Swift and Damian Shannon, while Tripp Vinson was on board to produce via his Vinson Films banner. It was intended to serve as a lead to the live-action Aladdin film.[123] On November 8, Disney revealed it had originally planned to use Robin Williams' unused lines from the 1991–92 recording sessions for the film, but his will prohibited the studio from using his likeness for 25 years after his death in 2014.[124]
Live-action film[]
In October 2016, it was reported that Disney was developing a live-action adaptation of Aladdin with Guy Ritchie signed on to direct the film. John August is writing the script, which will reportedly retain the musical elements of the original film, while Dan Lin is attached as producer.[125] Lin revealed that they were looking for a diverse cast.[126] In April 2017, Will Smith entered talks to play the Genie.[127] The following month, Jade Thirlwall entered talks to portray the role of Jasmine.[Citation needed] Alan Menken said filming was slated to begin August 2017.[128] Production had originally been scheduled to begin in July, but was delayed due to Disney having trouble finding the right people to play Aladdin and Jasmine. British actress Naomi Scott and Indian actress Tara Sutaria were being considered to play Jasmine. For the role of Aladdin, British actors Riz Ahmed and Dev Patel were initially considered, but it was later decided that a newcomer should be cast in the role.[129] In July 2017, it was announced that Egyptian-Canadian actor Mena Massoud had been cast as Aladdin, Scott as Jasmine, and Smith as the Genie.[130][131] At the 2017 D23 Expo, Menken announced that he would be co-writing new songs for the film with Academy Award winners Pasek and Paul[132] while Vanessa Taylor would re-write the script.[133] In August 2017, Marwan Kenzari, Nasim Pedrad, and Numan Acar joined the cast as Jafar, Dalia, and Hakim, respectively.[134][135] The following month, Billy Magnussen and Navid Negahban were cast as Prince Anders and the Sultan, respectively.[136][137] Filming began on September 6, 2017, at Longcross Studios and concluded on January 24, 2018.[138][139] The film was released on May 24, 2019.[140]
See also[]
- List of Disney animated films based on fairy tales
- List of Disney theatrical animated feature films
- Lists of animated feature films
Notes[]
- ↑ Tied with Beauty and the Beast.
References[]
- ↑ "Aladdin (1992)". https://the-numbers.com/movie/Aladdin-(1992)#tab=summary.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Aladdin (1992)". https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=aladdin.htm.
- ↑ Abbott, Jim (January 5, 1993). "As Genie, mom helped grant son's wish for 'Aladdin' role". St. Paul Pioneer Press. http://www.scottweinger.net/article13.html.
- ↑ Caporaso, Jenna; Trucks, Leigh; Pompa, Andrew (February 27, 1994). "Aladdin's Voice Speaks". The Charlotte Observer. http://www.scottweinger.net/article15.html.
- ↑ Hischak, Thomas S. (2011). Disney Voice Actors: A Biographical Dictionary. McFarland. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-7864-6271-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=e1RTP8thtR0C&pg=PA112. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ↑ Meslow, Scott (October 28, 2011). "How Celebrities Took Over Cartoon Voice Acting". The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2011/10/how-celebrities-took-over-cartoon-voice-acting/247481.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 Pop Up Fun Facts. [DVD]. Aladdin Platinum Edition Disc 1: Walt Disney Home Video. 2004.
- ↑ "Disney Legends: Lea Salonga". Disney.com. https://d23.com/lea-salonga/.
- ↑ Hill, Jim (June 13, 2011). "Jonathan Freeman returns as Jafar in new stage musical version of Disney's "Aladdin"". http://jimhillmedia.com/editor_in_chief1/b/jim_hill/archive/2011/06/13/jonathan-freeman-returns-as-jafar-in-new-stage-musical-version-of-disney-s-quot-aladdin-quot.aspx.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Rhodes, Joe (November 8, 1992). "What Would Walt Say?". Los Angeles Times. https://articles.latimes.com/1992-11-08/entertainment/ca-4_1_walt-disney-studios.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 Corliss, Richard; Cole, Patrick E.; Smilgis, Martha (November 9, 1992). "Aladdin's Magic". Time. http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,158290,00.html. Retrieved March 16, 2007. "Chuck Jones' verdict is judicious: Aladdin is "the funniest feature ever made." It's a movie for adults – if they can keep up with its careering pace – and, yes, you can take the kids. It juggles a '90s impudence with the old Disney swank and heart.".
- ↑ Stewart, James B. (2005). DisneyWar. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 106. ISBN 0-684-80993-1. https://www.archive.org/details/disneywar00jame_0/.
- ↑ Hunter, Stephen (November 25, 1992). "Ashman's words were music to his ears". The Baltimore Sun. http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-11-25/features/1992330079_1_alan-menken-ashman-howard.
- ↑ "John Musker Question Countdown – Number 9". February 21, 2012. http://howardashman.com/blog/john-musker-question-countdown-number-9/.
- ↑ Ziebarth, Christian (April 23, 2005). "Aladdin: Crew Reunion". http://animatedviews.com/2005/aladdin-crew-reunion/.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ "Lyricist's life ended on poignant note". Los Angeles Daily News (The Baltimore Sun). November 22, 1991. http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/1991326070_1_alan-menken-ashman-song-we-wrote.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Steyn, Mark (October 17, 1997). "Retread country". The Spectator. http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/18th-october-1997/76/cinema.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 Culhane, John (August 15, 1993). Disney's Aladdin The Making of an Animated Film. Disney Editions. ISBN 978-1-56282-757-1.
- ↑ Daly, Steve (December 4, 1992). "Unsung Aladdin songs". Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/article/1992/12/04/unsung-aladdin-songs. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
- ↑ "Aladdin DVD review". http://www.dvdizzy.com/aladdin.html.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ "Fantasy: The Thief of Bagdad". Foster On Film. http://www.fosteronfilm.com/fantasy/thiefbagdad.htm.
- ↑ Bernstein, Matthew; Studlar, Gaylyn (1997). Visions of the East. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-305-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=q2_E_gl9BbYC. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ↑ Johnson, Zach (October 15, 2015). "Disney Myths Debunked by Ron Clements and John Musker, Directors of The Little Mermaid, Aladdin and Hercules". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.eonline.com/uk/news/706239/disney-myths-debunked-by-ron-clements-and-john-musker-directors-of-the-little-mermaid-aladdin-and-hercules. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
- ↑ Provenzano, Tom (June 28, 1994). "The Lion in Summer". The Advocate: 71. https://books.google.com/books?id=L2MEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA71.
- ↑ John Musker, Ron Clements. Art Review. [DVD]. Aladdin: Platinum Edition: Walt Disney Home Entertainment.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.6 Diamond in the Rough: The Making of Aladdin. [DVD]. Aladdin Platinum Edition: Walt Disney Home Entertainment.
- ↑ "Aladdin animator used subtlety to design strong villain". The Tech. November 20, 1992. http://tech.mit.edu/V112/N64/aladdin.64a.html.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 Thomas, Bob (1997). "Chapter 9: A New Tradition". Disney's Art of Animation: From Mickey Mouse to Hercules. pp. 133–135. ISBN 978-0-786-86241-2.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 Daly, Steve (September 4, 1992). "Disney's Got A Brand-New Baghdad 1". Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562,00.html. Retrieved March 16, 2007.
- ↑ Ayres, Brenda (2003) (in en). The Emperor's Old Groove: Decolonizing Disney's Magic Kingdom. P. Lang. pp. 181. ISBN 9780820463636.
- ↑ "Robin Williams". Inside the Actors Studio. Bravo.
- ↑ Daly, Steve (September 4, 1992). "Disney's Got A Brand-New Baghdad 2". Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562_2,00.html. Retrieved March 16, 2007.
- ↑ Daly, Steve (September 4, 1992). "Disney's Got A Brand-New Baghdad 3". Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562_3,00.html. Retrieved March 16, 2007.
- ↑ Welkos, Robert W. (1993). "The Genie Has a Gripe With Disney" (in en-US). Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. https://articles.latimes.com/1993-11-25/entertainment/ca-60882_1_robin-williams.
- ↑ Weisman, Aly (November 19, 2014). "Robin Williams Once Got So Upset With Disney That The Company Sent Him A$1 Million Picasso Peace Offering". http://www.businessinsider.com/robin-williams-disney-feud-picasso-gift-2014-11.
- ↑ Welkos, Robert (October 24, 1994). "Abracadabra: Disney, Robin Williams Quit Feud". Los Angeles Times. https://articles.latimes.com/1994-10-24/entertainment/ca-54095_1_robin-williams.
- ↑ Cerone, Daniel Howard (September 27, 1995). "Genie Grants Disney's Video Wish : Marketing: Robin Williams will reprise his 'Aladdin' role in 'King of Thieves,' continuing the emergence of direct-to-video projects as an industry gold mine.". Los Angeles Times. https://articles.latimes.com/1995-09-27/entertainment/ca-50412_1_robin-williams.
- ↑ Alan Menken: Musical Renaissance Man. [DVD]. Aladdin Platinum Edition, Disc 2: Walt Disney Home Entertainment.
- ↑ Daly, Steve (December 4, 1992). "Unsettled score". Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,312563,00.html. Retrieved June 12, 2009.
- ↑ Phares, Heather. "Aladdin soundtrack review". https://www.allmusic.com/album/r110157.
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 "Aladdin: Ultimate DVD review". September 17, 2004. http://dvd.ign.com/articles/549/549036p1.html.
- ↑ "DisneyMania 3". Disney. http://disneymusic.disney.go.com/albums/disneymania3.html.
- ↑ Pareles, Jon (March 2, 1994). "Top Grammy to Houston; 5 for 'Aladdin'". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/02/movies/top-grammy-to-houston-5-for-aladdin.html.
- ↑ "36th Grammy Awards - 1994". http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1994/grammys.htm.
- ↑ Smith, Dave (August 15, 1996). Disney A to Z: The Official Encyclopedia. Disney Editions. ISBN 978-0-7868-6223-8.
- ↑ Marzolph, Ulrich (2006). The Arabian Nights reader. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8143-3259-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=AKd6mZSGsVUC&pg=PA276. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ↑ Daly, Steve; Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca (March 12, 1993). "Arabian Sheikdown". Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,305817,00.html. Retrieved August 30, 2009.
- ↑ Pendleton, Jennifer (November 16, 1992). "‘Aladdin’ rides magic carpet to B.O. stratosphere". Variety. https://variety.com/1992/film/news/aladdin-rides-magic-carpet-to-b-o-stratosphere-100007/. Retrieved September 12, 2022.
- ↑ "Weekend Box Office Results for November 13–15, 1992". https://boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1992&wknd=46&p=.htm.
- ↑ Natale, Richard (November 30, 1992). "Holiday B.O. gobbles up big bucks". Variety. https://variety.com/1992/film/news/holiday-b-o-gobbles-up-big-bucks-101610/.
- ↑ Fox, David J. (January 26, 1993). "'Aladdin' Finally Hits No. 1 and a Record in Sales Too". Los Angeles Times. https://articles.latimes.com/1993-01-26/entertainment/ca-2081_1_weekend-box-office.
- ↑ Fox, David J. (February 17, 1993). "Presidents' Day Weekend Box Office : 'Groundhog' Has Its Day". Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-02-17-ca-187-story.html.
- ↑ "Aladdin (1992) – Domestic Weekly Box Office Results". https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl4148200961/weekly/?ref_=bo_rl_tab#tabs.
- ↑ Fox, David J. (April 21, 1993). "'Aladdin' Becomes a $200-Million Genie for Disney". Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-04-21-ca-25327-story.html.
- ↑ "Aladdin' still dominates in Europe". United Press International. January 3, 1994. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/01/03/Aladdin-still-dominates-in-Europe/2248757573200/.
- ↑ "A Perfect World' tops 'Aladdin' in Europe". United Press International. January 24, 1994. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/01/24/A-Perfect-World-tops-Aladdin-in-Europe/1483759387600/.
- ↑ "Aladdin' rides high in Europe". United Press International. 29 November 1993. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1993/11/29/Aladdin-rides-high-in-Europe/8039754549200/.
- ↑ Groves, Don (21 September 1993). "'Park' conquers Italy". Daily Variety: 18.
- ↑ D'Alessandro, Anthony (October 27, 2003). "Cartoon Coffers – Top-Grossing Disney Animated Features at the Worldwide B.O.". Variety: 6. https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Tooned+in%3A+Disney%27s+ani+classics+set+the+bar+and+lit+the+way+for...-a0110473946. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
- ↑ "The Simpsons Movie (2007)". https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=simpsons.htm.
- ↑ "Aladdin (1992)". https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=aladdin.htm&adjust_yr=1&p=.htm.
- ↑ "Top Lifetime Adjusted Grosses". https://www.boxofficemojo.com/chart/top_lifetime_gross_adjusted/?adjust_gross_to=2022.
- ↑ McCullaugh, Jim; Goldstein, Seth (1993-10-09). "Disney Uncorks A Monster Hit With 'Aladdin'". Billboard: 6. https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/90s/1993/BB-1993-10-09.pdf. Retrieved August 21, 2021.
- ↑ 68.0 68.1 "Movie-game links continue to get stronger". Screen Digest (Screen Digest Limited): 272. 1993. https://books.google.com/books?id=M1nvAAAAMAAJ. "Major video game players Nintendo and Sega are both pushing hard to cash in on game spin-offs from Disney blockbuster animated feature Aladdin. In US, Sega (...) shipped 800,000 units of Virgin-developed Aladdin for Genesis/Mega Drive in same week as some 30m sell-through video units hit the street (10.8m selling through in three days).".
- ↑ "Arabian Might". Entertainment Weekly. October 15, 1993. https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,308423,00.html. Retrieved May 25, 2009.
- ↑ "Aladdin' reports strong early video sales" (in en). United Press International. October 4, 1993. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1993/10/04/Aladdin-reports-strong-early-video-sales/5892749707200/ph.
- ↑ "Aladdin' home-video sales top 16 million". United Press International. October 20, 1993. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1993/10/20/Aladdin-home-video-sales-top-16-million/1596751089600/.
- ↑ "Aladdin' sales top 21 million". United Press International. December 16, 1993. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1993/12/16/Aladdin-sales-top-21-million/3823756018000/.
- ↑ "Disney Rubs Aladdin's Lamp". Movie Web. February 6, 2004. http://movieweb.com/disney-rubs-aladdins-lamp/.
- ↑ Nichols, Peter M. (May 20, 1994). "Home Video". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/20/arts/home-video-149802.html.
- ↑ "Historic Spanish-Language Debut; Disney's 'Snow White' and 'Aladdin' Plus Five Addition Hits Come to Home Video Beginning April 14". https://www.thefreelibrary.com/HISTORIC+SPANISH-LANGUAGE+DEBUT;+DISNEY'S+'SNOW+WHITE'+AND+'ALADDIN'...-a016806752.[dead link]
- ↑ "「ブエナ・ビスタ 「アラジン」220万本 「白雪姫」は180万本」". Nikkei Sangyo Shimbun. 1995-01-23.
- ↑ 進化するアニメ・ビジネス―世界に羽ばたく日本のアニメとキャラクター (Shinkasuru anime bijinesu: Sekai ni habataku Nihon no anime to kyarakutā). Nikkei BP. 2000. p. 42. ISBN 4822225542.
- ↑ Hill, Jim (October 12, 2004). ""Aladdin" Platinum Edition sets the gold standard for Disney DVD". http://jimhillmedia.com/editor_in_chief1/b/jim_hill/archive/2004/10/12/478.aspx.
- ↑ Arnold, Thomas K. (August 9, 2005). "Best sellers". The Hollywood Reporter. https://hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001011344.
- ↑ McCourt, Judith (December 2, 2004). "DVD Player Penetration Drives October Sales Growth". http://www.homemediamagazine.com/news/dvd-player-penetration-drives-october-sales-growth-6917.
- ↑ "Out of Print Disney DVDs". DVDizzy.com. http://www.dvdizzy.com/disneyvault.html.
- ↑ 82.0 82.1 "Aladdin (1992)". Fandango. https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/disneys_aladdin.Script error: No such module "Rotten Tomatoes data".
- ↑ "Aladdin Reviews". CBS Interactive. https://www.metacritic.com/movie/aladdin.
- ↑ "Why CinemaScore Matters for Box Office" (in en). August 19, 2011. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/why-cinemascore-matters-box-office-225563.
- ↑ Maslin, Janet (November 11, 1992). "Disney Puts Its Magic Touch on 'Aladdin'". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/11/movies/review-film-disney-puts-its-magic-touch-on-aladdin.html.
- ↑ 86.0 86.1 Ebert, Roger (November 25, 1992). "Aladdin review". Chicago Sun-Times. https://rogerebert.com/reviews/aladdin-1992.
- ↑ Berardinelli, James (1992). "Aladdin". Reelviews. http://preview.reelviews.net/movies/a/aladdin.html.
- ↑ Travers, Peter (November 1992). "Aladdin". Rolling Stone (644). https://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/5947957/review/5947958/aladdin. Retrieved May 26, 2009.
- ↑ Howe, Desson (November 27, 1992). "Aladdin". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/aladdinghowe_a0af3c.htm.
- ↑ Lowry, Brian (November 4, 1992). "Aladdin". Variety. https://variety.com/review/VE1117900071.html?categoryid=31&cs=1.
- ↑ Gonzalez, Ed (September 23, 2004). "Aladdin". Slant Magazine. https://slantmagazine.com/film/review/aladdin.
- ↑ "The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1993.
- ↑ "21st Annual Annie Awards". https://annieawards.org/legacy/21st-annie-awards.
- ↑ "BAFTA Awards: Film in 1994". 1994. http://awards.bafta.org/award/1994/film.
- ↑ "Aladdin – Golden Globes". https://www.goldenglobes.com/film/aladdin.
- ↑ "1993 Grammy Award Winners". Grammy.com. https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/36th-annual-grammy-awards.
- ↑ "1993 Hugo Awards". Hugo Awards. July 26, 2007. https://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1993-hugo-awards/.
- ↑ "Maxwell Weinberg Publicist Showmanship Award". https://www.icg600.com/ABOUT-US/Awards/Publicists-Awards/Maxwell-Weinberg-Publicist-Showmanship-Awards.
- ↑ "The 18th Annual Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards". http://www.lafca.net/Years/1992.php.
- ↑ "Film Hall of Fame Productions". http://www.oftaawards.com/film-hall-of-fame/film-hall-of-fame-productions/.
- ↑ "International Press Academy website – 2005 9th Annual SATELLITE Awards". http://www.pressacademy.com/satawards/awards2005a.shtml.
- ↑ "Past Saturn Awards". Saturn Awards.org. http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html.
- ↑ "1992 SEFA Awards". https://www.sefca.net/winners#/1992.
- ↑ "14th Annual Youth In Film Awards". YoungArtistAwards.org. Archived from the original on 2014-04-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20140409024401/http://www.youngartistawards.org/pastnoms14.htm. Retrieved 2011-03-31.
- ↑ "List of 500 Movies Nominated for AFI's Top 100 Funniest American Movies". https://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/laughs500.pdf.
- ↑ "List of 400 Songs Nominated for AFI's Top 100 Greatest Music in the Movies". https://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/songs400.pdf.
- ↑ "List of 180 Musicals Nominated for AFI's Top 25 Greatest Movie Musicals". https://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/musicals_ballot.pdf.
- ↑ Fox, David J. (July 10, 1993). "Disney Will Alter Song in 'Aladdin'". Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-07-10-ca-11747-story.html.
- ↑ 109.0 109.1 "Arab Stereotypes and American Educators". http://www.adc.org/index.php?id=283.
- ↑ Miller, Gregory (2014-03-09). "Aladdin gets big changes for Broadway debut". New York Post. http://adamjacobs.net/aladdin-gets-big-changes-broadway-debut/.
- ↑ "The 25 Most Controversial Movies Ever". Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/ew/article/0,,1202224,00.html. Retrieved March 16, 2007.
- ↑ "Soundtrack (Disney) - Aladdin (album review) | Sputnikmusic". https://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/69162/Soundtrack-Disney-Aladdin/.
- ↑ "Take Off Your Clothes!". The Wall Street Journal. Snopes. October 25, 1995. http://www.snopes.com/disney/info/aladwsj.htm.
- ↑ Ron Clements and John Musker, "Filmmaker's Commentary". Aladdin: Platinum Edition DVD, Disc 1, Bonus Features, Backstage Disney, Walt Disney Home Entertainment.
- ↑ "Disney (Take Off Your Clothes!)". Snopes. http://www.snopes.com/disney/films/aladdin.asp.. The source compiles and cites four major newspaper references.
- ↑ Savino, Cris. "The Thief and the Cobbler review". DVD snapshot. http://www.dvdsnapshot.com/January07Review/ThiefAndCobbler.html.
- ↑ 117.0 117.1 James, Caryn (August 26, 1995). "A Late Finisher About Old Araby". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/26/movies/film-review-a-late-finisher-about-old-araby.html.
- ↑ "The Best Animated Movie You've Never Heard Of". TV Guide. November 28, 2006. http://movies.tvguide.com/movie-news/Best-Animated-Movie-7953.aspx. Retrieved March 17, 2009.
- ↑ Bevilacqua, Joe (April 1, 1999). "Celebrity Voice Actors: The New Sound of Animation". Animation World Network (AWN, Inc.). https://www.awn.com/animationworld/celebrity-voice-actors-new-sound-animation. "One of the current trends in the American animation industry is to cast major movie stars to voice animated characters. From Robin Williams in Aladdin..."
- ↑ Butler, Robert W. (August 11, 2006). "Animated films need big names for marketing". Taiwan News (I-Mei Foods Co., Ltd). https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/151985.
- ↑ 121.0 121.1 Meslow, Scott (October 28, 2011). "How Celebrities Took Over Cartoon Voice Acting". The Atlantic (The Atlantic Monthly Group LLC). https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2011/10/how-celebrities-took-over-cartoon-voice-acting/247481/. "As it turns out, the rise of the celebrity voice actor can be traced to a single film: Disney's 1992 breakout animated hit Aladdin."
- ↑ Stewart, Sara (June 7, 2018). "Big-name stars are stealing voice actors' jobs". New York Post (NYP Holdings, Inc.). https://nypost.com/2018/06/07/big-name-stars-are-stealing-voice-actors-jobs/.
- ↑ Kit, Borys (July 15, 2015). "'Aladdin' Live-Action Prequel in the Works at Disney (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. https://hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/aladdin-live-action-prequel-works-808895.
- ↑ Putnam, Lindsay (November 8, 2015). "Robin Williams' will prevents use of outtakes for 'Aladdin' sequel". The New York Post. https://nypost.com/2015/11/08/robin-williams-will-prevents-use-of-outtakes-for-aladdin-sequel/.
- ↑ Fleming, Mike Jr. (October 10, 2016). "Guy Ritchie To Direct Live Action 'Aladdin' For Disney". https://deadline.com/2016/10/aladdin-guy-ritchie-disney-live-action-film-sherlock-holmes-1201834102/.
- ↑ "Disney's Live-Action 'Aladdin' Won't Be 'Prince of Persia', Says Producer; Promises Diverse Cast". February 8, 2017. https://collider.com/aladdin-live-action-movie-diverse-cast/.
- ↑ "Will Smith in Talks For Genie Role in Disney's Live-Action 'Aladdin'". April 19, 2017. https://deadline.com/2017/04/will-smith-genie-role-aladdin-disney-1202072355/.
- ↑ "Alan Menken Talks Working With Guy Ritchie on Live-Action 'Aladdin,' Progress of 'Little Mermaid'". Billboard. June 12, 2017. https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7825906/alan-menken-interview-songwriters-hall-of-fame. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ↑ Ford, Rebecca; Galuppo, Mia (July 11, 2017). "'Aladdin': Disney Struggles to Find Stars for Its Live-Action Movie". The Hollywood Reporter. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/aladdin-movie-disney-struggles-find-stars-1019690.
- ↑ "'Aladdin': Disney Casts Will Smith, Mena Massoud, Naomi Scott". July 15, 2017. https://variety.com/2017/film/news/aladdin-will-smith-naomi-scott-jasmine-cast-mena-massoud-d23-1202496767/.
- ↑ "'Aladdin': Disney Announces Live-Action Cast Including Will Smith As Genie". https://www.accesshollywood.com/articles/aladdin-disney-announces-live-action-cast-including-will-smith-as-genie-/.
- ↑ "VIDEO: Pasek & Paul to Team with Menken on Live-Action ALADDIN; Miranda Confirmed for LITTLE MERMAID". http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/VIDEO-Pasek-Paul-to-Team-with-Menken-on-Live-Action-ALADDIN-Miranda-Confirmed-for-LITTLE-MERMAID-20170717.
- ↑ "Disney's Live-Action Aladdin is Getting a Rewrite". July 17, 2017. https://screenrant.com/disney-live-action-aladdin-rewrite-game-of-thrones/.
- ↑ "Disney's Live-Action 'Aladdin' Finds Its Jafar (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. August 4, 2017. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/disneys-live-action-aladdin-finds-jafar-1026545.
- ↑ N'Duka, Amanda (August 21, 2017). "Numan Acar Cast in Disney's 'Aladdin' Remake". Deadline. https://deadline.com/2017/08/numan-acar-disney-aladdin-remake-1202152768/.
- ↑ "Disney's Live-Action 'Aladdin' Casts Billy Magnussen as New Character (Exclusive)". September 5, 2017. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/disneys-live-action-aladdin-casts-billy-magnussen-as-new-character-1035329.
- ↑ "Navid Negahban Cast As The Sultan in Disney's 'Aladdin' Remake". September 6, 2017. https://deadline.com/2017/09/navid-negahban-disney-aladdin-remake-1202162634/.
- ↑ "Aladdin Filming Begins as the First Set Photo is Revealed". September 6, 2017. https://comingsoon.net/movies/news/885263-aladdin-filming#/slide/1.
- ↑ "Disney's Live-Action Aladdin Has Wrapped Production" (in en-US). Comingsoon.net. January 24, 2018. https://comingsoon.net/movies/news/916663-disneys-live-action-aladdin-has-wrapped-production.
- ↑ Spencer Perry (September 12, 2017). "Walt Disney Studios Sets Release Dates for Aladdin, Artemis Fowl, and More". https://comingsoon.net/movies/news/887043-walt-disney-studios-sets-release-dates-for-aladdin-artemis-fowl-and-more#/slide/1.
Bibliography[]
- Culhane, John (1993). Disney's Aladdin The Making of an Animated Film. Disney Editions. ISBN 978-1-56282-757-1.
- Koenig, David (1997). "Aladdin". Mouse Under Glass: Secrets of Disney Animation & Theme Parks. Irvine, California: Bonadventure Press. pp. 216–226. ISBN 978-0-964-06051-7. https://archive.org/details/mouseunderglasss0000koen.
External links[]
Wikiquote has quotations related to Aladdin. |
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- Aladdin in folklore and popular culture, at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on August 31, 2015.
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