- agate
- agglomerate
- alexandrite
- alluvium
- almandine
- amber
- amethyst
- amorzonite
- amygdule
- andradite
- anthracite
- anticline
- aquamarine
- aquifer
- aventurine
- basalt
- batholith
- bedrock
- beryl
- bitumen
- bloodstone
- boulder train
- breccia
- cairngorm
- carat
- carbonaceous
- carbuncle
- carnelian
- cat's eye
- chalcedony
- chemical weathering
- chert
- chrysoberyl
- chrysolite
- chrysoprase
- citrine
- conglomerate
- country rock
- demantoid
- diamond
- drift
- drumlin
- druse
- emerald
- erratics
- esker
- extrusive
- fault
- fire opal
- flint
- fold
- fool's gold
- garnet
- gastrolith
- geode
- girasol
- glacial pavement
- granite
- harlequin opal
- heliotrope
- humus
- hyacinth
- igneous rock
- intrusive
- jacinith
- jade
- jasper
- jet
- karst
- kunzite
- lapidary
- lapilli
- lapis lazuli
- lazurite
- limestone
- loess
- malachite
- marble
- matrix
- melanite
- metamorphic rock
- milky quartz
- moonstone
- morganite
- nephrite
- obsidian
- oil shale
- olivine
- onyx
- oolites
- opal
- ore
- outcrop
- overburden
- Pele's hair
- peridot
- petrify
- petroglyph
- petrology
- petrous
- placer deposit
- pumice
- pyroclastic
- pyrope
- red jasper
- riprap
- rose quartz
- rubasse
- ruby
- rutile
- sandstone
- sapphire
- sard
- sardonyx
- sedimentary rock
- silica
- smoky quartz
- smoky topaz
- sodalite
- spinel
- star sapphire
- strata
- stratification
- striation
- sunstone
- tiger's-eye
- till
- topaz
- tourmaline
- tuff
- turquoise
- vein
- ventifact
- white sapphire
- zircon
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Gemstones and Gem Cuts
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