Script error: No such module "SDcat". Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
| Lists of Americans |
|---|
| By US state |
| By ethnicity or nationality |
* Afghan
|
| * Bahamian
|
* Cajun
|
| * Danish
|
| * Ecuadorian
|
* Faroese
|
| * Gabonese
|
* Habesha peoples
|
* Icelandic
|
| * Jamaican
|
| * Kalmyk
|
| * Laotian
|
| * Macedonian
|
* Native American
|
* Pakistani
|
| * Romani
|
* Saint Lucian
|
| * Taiwan
|
| * Ugandan
|
| * Venezuelan
|
| * Welsh |
| * Yemeni
|
| * Zimbabwean |
| * Script error: No such module "Icon". Category |
This is a list of notable Jamaican Americans, including both original immigrants who obtained American citizenship and their American descendants.
List[]
Academics[]
- Opal Palmer Adisa – Professor Emeritus at California College of the Arts[1]
- Elizabeth Alexander – Wun Tsun Tam Mellon Professor in the Humanities in the Department of English and Comparative Literature, Columbia University. Chancellor Emeritus of the Academy of American Poets[2][3]
- Deborah Archer – Jacob K. Javits Professor at New York University and Professor of Clinical Law at New York University School of Law[4]
- Frederic G. Cassidy (1907-2000) – Professor of English at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Founder of the Dictionary of American Regional English [5]
- Susan Collins – Provost and Executive Vice President for Academic Affairs at University of Michigan. The Edward M. Gramlich Collegiate Professor of Public Policy and Professor of Economics[6]
- Paul R. Cunningham – Dean Emeritus of the Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University. The first African-American to serve as dean of the Brody School[7][8]
- Trevor Dawes – Vice Provost for Libraries and Museums and May Morris University Librarian. President of the Association of College and Research Libraries[9][10]
- Tashni-Ann Dubroy – Executive Vice President and Chief Operations Officer (COO) of Howard University[11]
- Carol Lani Guinier (1950-2022) – Bennett Boskey Professor of Law at Harvard Law School. The first woman of colour appointed to a tenured professorship at Harvard law school[12]
- Ewart Guinier (1910-1990) – founding chairman of Harvard University's Department of African and African-American Studies[13]
- Donald J. Harris – Professor Emeritus at Stanford University, father of the 49th vice president of the United States, Kamala Harris[14]
- Odette Harris – Professor of Neurosurgery at Stanford University and the Director of the Brain Injury Program for the Stanford University School of Medicine. America’s second Black female professor of neurosurgery [15]
- Peter Blair Henry – Dean of New York University's Leonard N. Stern School of Business and William R. Berkley Professor of Economics and Business[16][17]
- Jason D. Hill – Professor of Philosophy at DePaul University[18]
- Robert A. Hill – Professor Emeritus of History and Research Professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)[19]
- William Jacob Holland (1848-1932) – Chancellor of the University of Pittsburgh and Director of the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh[20]
- Jacqueline Hughes-Oliver – Professor of Statistics at North Carolina State University[21]
- Gene Andrew Jarrett – Dean of the Faculty and William S. Tod Professor of English at Princeton University. Founding editor-in-chief of the Oxford Bibliographies module on African American Studies[22][23]
- Marcia V. Keizs – former president of York College, City University of New York[24]
- Heather Knight – former president of Pacific Union College.The first black president and first female president in Pacific Union College history. The first black female to lead a Seventh-day Adventist college in the United States[25][26]
- Charles Wade Mills (1951-2021) – Professor at Graduate Center, CUNY and Northwestern University[27]
- Keith Anthony Morrison – Dean of the Tyler School of Art at Temple University in Philadelphia[28][29]
- Colin A. Palmer (1944-2019) – Dodge Professor of History at Princeton University[30]
- Orlando Patterson – The John Cowles Professor of Sociology at Harvard University[31]
- Paul Ramphal – Adjunct Assistant Professor of Surgery at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill[32]
- Donald Richards – Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Statistics at Pennsylvania State University[33]
- Dorceta Taylor – Senior Associate Dean of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion at Yale School of the Environment. Also Yale's Professor of Environmental Justice[34] She was the first African American woman to earn a doctoral degree from Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies[35]
- Ekwueme Michael Thelwell – founding chairman of the Department of African-American Studies at the University of Massachusetts Amherst[36]
- Heather A. Williams – Geraldine R. Segal Professor of American Social Thought and Professor of Africana Studies at the University of Pennsylvania[37]
- Henry Vernon Wong – Professor Emeritus at the University of Texas, Austin[38]
Actors[]
- Roxanne Beckford
- Tyson Beckford[39]
- Harry Belafonte – Emmy, Oscar and Tony Awards winner. The first black actor to win an Emmy[40]
- Shari Belafonte[41]
- Marsha Stephanie Blake
- Corbin Bleu – film/television actor and vocalist (High School Musical)[42]
- Parisa Fitz-Henley
- Antonia Gentry[43]
- Donald Glover - actor
- Donald Glover III - actor
- Drake Glover - actor
- Legend Glover - actor
- Dulé Hill
- Thomas Johnson
- Grace Jones[41]
- Robinne Lee
- Delroy Lindo[41]
- Carl Lumbly[41]
- Ethan Mann
- Harrison Mann
- Camille McDonald
- Alano Miller
- Wentworth Miller
- Shameik Moore
- Lewis Morrison (1844/5 -1906) Grandparent to Constance and Joan Bennett[44]
- Olivia Olson
- Evan Parke
- Jada Pinkett Smith
- Sheryl Lee Ralph[45]
- David Reivers[46]
- Gloria Reuben
- Antoinette Robertson
- Frank Silvera (1914 -1970)
- Madge Sinclair (1938 -1995) – Primetime Emmy Award winner[41][47]
- Basil Wallace
- Kerry Washington – Primetime Emmy Award winner[48]
- Susan Kelechi Watson
- Robert Wisdom
Business[]
- Richard Arthur Bogle (1835-1904) – Walla Walla's first black businessman. Co-founder of the Walla Walla Savings and Loan Association[49][50]
- Ann-Marie Campbell – Executive Vice President, U.S. Stores & International Operations, The Home Depot[51][52]
- Vincent "Randy" Chin (1937-2003) – founder of VP Records[53][54]
- Susan Collins – President and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston (from July 2022). The first black female to lead a regional Federal bank[55][56]
- Emma Grede – CEO and co-founder (with Khloe Kardashian) of Good American. Founding partner of Skims.[57]
- Golden Krust – founded in Jamaica by the Hawthorne family. Over 100 Golden Krust restaurants operate in the U.S[58][59]
- Vincent HoSang – CEO and founder of Caribbean Food Delights and Royal Caribbean Bakery[60]
- James Bruce Llewelly (1927-2010) – businessman, personal wealth estimated to exceed $160 million[61]
- Pat McGrath – British Jamaican based in New York. Founder of Pat McGrath Labs which has as an estimated value of $1 billion[62][63]
- Graham N Robinson – Senior Vice President and President of STANLEY Industrial, Stanley Black & Decker[64][52]
- Janice Savin Williams –Senior Principal and co-founder of The Williams Capital Group, L.P[65][66]
- Jacky Wright –Chief Digital Officer and Corporate Vice President at Microsoft US[67]
Law[]
- Deborah Archer – President of the American Civil Liberties Union, the first African American to hold the position. Civil rights lawyer[68]
- Michelle Bernard – President and CEO of the Bernard Centre For Women, Politics & Public Policy. Lawyer and political analyst
- Renatha Francis – circuit judge[69]
- Claudia L. Gordon – lawyer, the first deaf black female attorney in the United States and the first deaf graduate of American University's law school[70]
- Carol Lani Guinier (1950-2022) – civil rights lawyer[12]
- Ewart Guinier (1910-1990) – lawyer and trades union leader[71]
- Maya Harris – lawyer and public policy advocate. Sister of the 49th vice president of the United States, Kamala Harris
- Sheila Jackson Lee – lawyer and politician[72]
- Leondra kruger – Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California. Acting Principal Deputy Solicitor General of the United States in the Obama administration[73]
- David Patrick Rowe (1959-2018) – lawyer[74]
- Jewel Scott – first Jamaican American judge in Georgia. First Jamaican American (female) appointed as a Judge of the Clayton County Superior Court. First woman and first Caribbean-American District Attorney for Clayton County.[75][76]
- Alison Smith – lawyer, the first black woman president of Florida's Broward County Bar Association[77][78]
- James Lopez Watson(1922-2001) – judge of the United States Court of International Trade. The first African-American to head a federal court in the American Deep South.[79][80]
- James S. Watson(1882-1952) – one of the first two black Americans elected as a judge in the state of New York. The first justice of African descent to sit in judgment on white litigants and the first African American attorney nominated to the American Bar Association since 1912[81]
- Barbara M. Watson(1918-1983) – lawyer and diplomat. The first black person and the first woman to serve as an Assistant Secretary of State[82]
- Damian Williams – lawyer, the first African-American U.S. attorney for the Southern District of New York[83]
Vincent R. Stewart
Jeanine Menze
Military[]
.jpg){kind=link}
Lorna Mahlock
- Clifford Alexander Jr.– Former Secretary of the Army, the first African American to hold the position[84]
- John Davis (1854 -1903) – United States Navy sailor, recipient of the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor[85]
- Lorna Mahlock – Brigadier General in the United States Marine Corps. The first black female to hold the position
- Jeanine Menze – Commander and the first black female aviator in the history of the U.S. Coast Guard
- Colin Luther Powell (1937-2021) – statesman and four-star general in the United States Army
- Vincent R. Stewart – first African American, first Jamaican American and first Marine to hold the position of Director of the DIA
Musicians[]
- A-Plus
- Astro – rapper
- Joey Bada$$ – rapper
- Afrika Bambaataa[86]
- Harry Belafonte – three-time Grammy Award winner [87][88]
- Thom Bell – one of the creators of Philadelphia soul. Two-time Grammy Award winner[89][90]
- Big Tigger
- Bushwick Bill (1966-2019)
- Busta Rhymes[41]
- Bobby Shmurda[41]
- Luther Campbell[91]
- Canibus[41]
- Capital STEEZ (1993-2012)
- Chubb Rock[41]
- Sandra Denton – Grammy Award winner[92]
- Delroy Edwards[93]
- Etana
- Chuck Fenda
- Flatbush Zombies
- Funkmaster Flex
- CJ Fly
- Heavy D (1967-2011)[41]
- Hodgy Beats
- Grand Puba
- Tori Kelly – two-time Grammy Award winner[94]
- Sean Kingston
- DJ Kool Herc[41]
- KRS-One[41]
- Alaine Laughton
- Uncle Luke
- Masego
- Stephen Marley – eight-time Grammy Award winner[95]
- Denroy Morgan (1945-2022)
- Gramps Morgan – member of Grammy Award-winning reggae band Morgan Heritage
- DJ Mustard
- Mýa – Grammy Award winner[96]
- NLE Choppa
- Renee Neufville[41]
- The Notorious B.I.G.(1972-1997)[41] – rapper
- Olivia
- Styles P
- Christopher "Kid" Reid
- Pretty Ricky
- Tarrus Riley
- Pete Rock
- Safaree Samuels
- Gil Scott-Heron (1949-2011) – Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award[97][98]
- Shaggy – two-time Grammy Award winner[99]
- Bobby Shmurda – rapper
- Ski Mask the Slump God – rapper
- Pop Smoke – rapper
- Robb Banks
- Justine Skye
- Sleepy Hallow
- Ernie Smith[41]
- Wifisfuneral – rapper
- Mike Smith
- Simi Sernaker
- Special Ed
- Lil Tecca – rapper
- Tyga – rapper
- will.i.am – rapper
- XXXTentacion – rapper
- YFN Lucci – rapper
- Young M.A – rapper
- JPEGMafia
- Tevin Campbell – singer
Politics[]
Kamala Harris
Colin Powell
Winsome Sears
- Ronald Blackwood (1926-2017) – Mayor of Mount Vernon, New York (1985–1996), first elected black mayor in New York state[100][101]
- Michael Blake – former vice chair of the Democratic National Committee (DNC)[102]
- David Bowen – member of the Wisconsin State Assembly[103]
- Anthony G. Brown – Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives
- Tanya S. Chutkan – judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia[104]
- Kristen Clarke – Head of the U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division, the first woman to hold the position[105]
- Yvette Clarke – Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives
- Jacob Raphael De Cordova (1808-1868) – elected to the Texas House of Representatives. Founder of the Jamaica Gleaner[106]
- Brian A. Cunningham – member of the New York State Assembly[107]
- Alexander J. Dallas (1759 -1817) – United States Secretary of the Treasury under President James Madison[108]
- Claudia L. Gordon – Associate director in the White House Office of Public Engagement. The first deaf person to work at the White House in a detailee capacity[109][70]
- Denise D. Grant – City of Lauderhill Commissioner[110]
- Kamala Harris – Vice President of the United States; former U.S. Senator from California. The first African American vice president, the first female vice president and the highest-ranking female official in U.S. history
- Dale Holness – Broward County Commissioner and former Mayor of Broward County[111]
- Sheila Jackson Lee – Democrat, U.S. representative for Texas's 18th congressional district[112]
- Leondra Kruger – California Supreme Court Justice
- Donna McLeod – member of the Georgia House of Representatives[113]
- Wayne Messam – Mayor of Miramar, Florida
- Shirley Nathan-Pulliam – former member of the Maryland State Senate[114]
- Anika Omphroy – member of the Florida House of Representatives
- Basil A. Paterson (1926- 2014) – former Secretary of State of New York; father of David Paterson
- David Paterson – Governor of New York, the first African American to serve as governor of New York.
- N. Nick Perry – member of the New York State Senate[115]
- Colin Powell (1937-2021) – 65th United States Secretary of State, the first African American Secretary of State [116]
- Michael Powell – former Chair of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC); son of Colin Powell
- Marcia Ranglin-Vassell – member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives[117]
- Kenneth Reeves – former Mayor of Cambridge, Massachusetts[118]
- Pauline Rhodd-Cummings (1945-2002) – member of the New York State Assembly, the first woman of Caribbean descent elected to the state Assembly[119]
- Susan Rice – Director of the White House Domestic Policy Council
- Hazelle P. Rogers – Mayor of Lauderdale Lakes, Florida; former member of the Florida House of Representatives
- Winsome Sears – former member of the Virginia House of Delegates. Lieutenant Governor of Virginia, the first female and woman of colour to hold the office[120]
- Edward A. Stevenson Sr. (1907-1980) – member of the New York State Assembly, the first Caribbean American to serve in the Assembly[121]
- Jheanelle Wilkins – member of the Maryland House of Delegates, the first black female ever elected to the district[122]
Science and technology[]
- Evan Abel – endocrinologist, identified the link between adipose tissue glucose transporter (GLUT4) and insulin resistance[123][124]
- Walt W. Braithwaite – engineer, led the development of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems at Boeing. Also made significant contributions to the development of the Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES). Braithwaite's common data format and translators from Boeing were subsequently used as the basis for developing the IGES protocol.[125]
- Nadine Burke Harris – California's first-ever Surgeon General. Pediatrician who linked traumatic childhood experiences and poor health[126][127]
- Paul R. Cunningham – surgeon[7]
- Ira Ferguson (1904-1992) – clinical psychologist[128]
- Yvette Francis-McBarnette (1926-2016) – pioneering pediatrician, the first practitioner to use prophylactic antibiotics in the treatment of children with sickle cell. Second ever black woman to enrol at the Yale School of Medicine in 1946[129][130]
- Neil Hanchard – physician and scientist, clinical investigator in the National Human Genome Research Institute[131]
- Karen E. Nelson – microbiologist, published the first ever comprehensive human microbiome study[132][133]
- Robert Rashford – aerospace engineer, co-invented the world's first portable 3D non-destructive evaluation (NDE) system. This invention was used in the maintenance of the United States Government's Hubble Space Telescope.[134] Rashford also invented a protective enclosure for use transporting orbital replacement units (orus).[135] Rashford designed and developed unique spacecraft support systems for the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) Airborne Support Equipment (UASE) at the Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC). At General Electric, he designed and tested a variety of spacecraft for both commercial and military applications. At Bechtel Corporation, he designed a nuclear reactor support structure. He has designed numerous highly complex engineering systems that successfully flew on board NASA's Manned Space Flight Programs.[136][137]
- Mercedes Richards (1955-2016) – pioneering scientist, the first astronomer to make images of the gravitational flow of gas between the stars in any interacting binary; the first to image the chromospheres and accretion disks in Algol binaries; the first in astronomy to apply the technique of tomography; the first astrophysicist to make theoretical hydrodynamic simulations of the Algol binary stars; the first astronomer to discover starspots on the cool star in an Algol binary and the first astrophysicist to apply novel distance correlation statistical methods to large astronomical databases[138][139][140]
- John Thompson – computer programmer, invented the Lingo programming language used in Adobe Director[141][142]
Sports[]
Patrick Ewing
Mike Tyson
- Timroy Allen - cricketer
- Kyle Anderson - basketball player
- Alicia Ashley - boxer, former WBC female world super bantamweight champion
- Corey Ballentine - football player
- Barrington Bartley - cricketer
- Claudine Beckford - cricketer
- Shaun Bridgmohan - jockey
- C. B. Bucknor - umpire in Major League Baseball
- Jade Cargill - professional wrestler and fitness model
- Patrick Chung - retired football player
- Jeff Cunningham - former professional soccer player
- Chili Davis - baseball player, the first ballplayer born in Jamaica to appear in an MLB game
- Kenrick Dennis(1966-2003) - cricketer
- Andre Drummond - basketball player
- Patrick Ewing - retired basketball player who played with the New York Knicks
- Patrick Ewing Jr. - basketball player
- Sandra Farmer-Patrick - athlete
- Heather Foster - professional bodybuilder
- Colin Fowles (1953-1985) - soccer player
- Robin Fraser - soccer coach and former player
- Tony Gonzalez - retired football player
- Ben Gordon - British-born Charlotte Bobcats basketball player
- Uriah Hall - professional mixed martial artist and former kickboxer
- Kwame Harris - footballer
- Sek Henry - basketball player
- Roy Hibbert - basketball player
- Danielle Hunter- football player
- Elmore Hutchinson - cricketer
- Kamara James (1984-2014) - Olympic fencer
- Andrew Kennedy - basketball player
- Big E Langston - professional wrestler, former WWE champion
- Jonathan Lewis - soccer player
- Rajiv Maragh - jockey
- Floyd Mayweather Jr. - boxer, won world championships from super featherweight to light middleweight.
- Justin Masterson - Major League baseball pitcher
- Matt Peart - footballer
- Norman Powell - basketball player
- Suziann Reid - sprinter
- Sanya Richards-Ross - Olympic and World championship winning sprinter
- Errol Spence - championship winning professional boxer
- Aljamain Sterling - mixed martial arts fighter, UFC Bantamweight Champion
- Isaiah Stewart - basketball player
- Ndamukong Suh - football player
- Mike Tyson - retired boxer, former heavyweight champion
- Olivier Vernon - football player
- Devon White - baseball player
- Tristan Thompson - basketball player
- Allyssa Lyn "Lacey" Lane - professional wrestler
Writers, poets and journalists[]
- Opal Palmer Adisa – award-winning writer, poet, performance artist
- Gil Bailey (1936-2020) – radio broadcaster, known as the "Godfather of Caribbean/Reggae Radio"[143]
- Michelle Bernard – Journalist, author
- Colin Channer – writer
- Staceyann Chin – award-winning spoken-word poet and activist
- Michel du Cille (1956-2014) – Pulitzer prize winning photojournalist
- Michelle Cliff (1946-2016) – poet and author
- Wilfred Adolphus Domingo (1889-1968) – writer, journalist and activist
- Stacy-Ann Gooden – broadcaster and model
- Lester Holt – TV news anchor
- Donna Hylton – author
- Marlon James – author, Man Booker Prize winner
- June Jordan (1936-2002) – award-winning poet, author and activist.
- Shara McCallum – award-winning poet
- Claude McKay (1890-1948) – writer and poet, central figure in the Harlem Renaissance.
- Gil Noble (1932-2012) – TV reporter and interviewer
- Patricia Powell – award-winning writer
- Joel Augustus Rogers (1880/83-1966) – journalist, author and historian
- Al Roker – TV weather anchor
- Louis Simpson (1923-2012) – Pulitzer prize winning poet
- Stephen A. Smith - sports journalist
- Frederick de Sola Mendes (1850-1927) – author and editor
- Ekwueme Michael Thelwell – award-winning novelist and essayist
- Jenna Wolfe – journalist and personal trainer
- Fiona Zedde – fiction writer
Others[]
- Janeshia Adams-Ginyard - actress, stunt woman and professional wrestler
- Maurice Ashley – chess grandmaster
- King Bach – Internet personality, actor, composer, rapper and comedian
- Tyson Beckford – model and actor[39]
- Cedella Booker (1926-2008) – singer, writer, mother of Bob Marley
- Desus Nice – comedian
- Louis Farrakhan – leader of the Nation of Islam
- Colin Ferguson – mass murderer
- Tanya Hamilton – film director and producer
- Barrington Irving – pilot who previously held the record for the youngest person to pilot a plane around the world solo. The first black person to accomplish this feat[144]
- C.J. Pearson – teen conservative contributor
- Angella Reid – White House Chief Usher, the first woman to hold the position
- Shawn Rhoden (1975-2021) – professional bodybuilder
- Ted Shearer (1919-1992) – advertising art director and cartoonist
- Toni-Ann Singh – beauty queen who won Miss World 2019
- Alexis Skyy – reality television personality
- Marsha Thomason – British-born actress
- Dexter Williams – Miramar police chief[145]
See also[]
- List of Jamaicans
- List of Jamaican British people
- Jamaican Canadians
- Marcus Garvey
References[]
- ↑ "Prof. Opal Palmer Adisa | Institute for Gender and Development Studies". 2022. https://uwi.edu/igds/content/prof-opal-palmer-adisa.
- ↑ "Elizabeth Alexander" (in en). 2022. https://mellon.org/about/staff/elizabeth-alexander/.
- ↑ "Elizabeth Alexander | Faces of America | PBS". 2022. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/facesofamerica/profiles/elizabeth-alexander/13/.
- ↑ "Deborah N. Archer - Overview | NYU School of Law". 2022. https://its.law.nyu.edu/facultyprofiles/index.cfm?fuseaction=profile.overview&personid=47170.
- ↑ "Frederic G. Cassidy, Founder of DARE" (in en-US). 2022. https://dare.wisc.edu/scrapbook/frederic-g-cassidy-founder-of-dare/.
- ↑ "Susan M. Collins" (in en). 2022. https://www.bostonfed.org/people/bank/susan-m-collins.aspx.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Tucker, John (4 March 2018). "Paul R. G. Cunningham". https://collectio.ecu.edu/chronicles/People/Paul-R-G-Cunningham.
- ↑ Services, ECU News (22 March 2018). "Dean emeritus receives medal for contributions to medical profession | News Services | ECU" (in en-US). https://news.ecu.edu/2018/03/22/dean-emeritus-receives-medal/.
- ↑ "Trevor A. Dawes" (in en-US). https://www.arl.org/people/trevor-dawes/.
- ↑ Bryant, Tracey (26 March 2018). "The Quiet Revolution | University of Delaware Research". https://research.udel.edu/2018/03/26/quiet-revolution/.
- ↑ Rin-rin Yu (28 April 2021). "Sustainability at Howard: A Q&A with Tashni-Ann Dubroy, PhD, Executive Vice President and COO" (in en). https://thedig.howard.edu/all-stories/sustainability-howard-qa-tashni-ann-dubroy-phd-executive-vice-president-and-coo.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Civil rights lawyer, professor Lani Guinier dead at 71" (in en). 8 January 2022. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/bill-clinton-justice-department-civil-rights-division-washington-harvard-law-school-b1989112.html.
- ↑ Fraser, C. Gerald (7 February 1990). "Ewart Guinier, 79, Who Headed Afro-American Studies at Harvard" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1990/02/07/obituaries/ewart-guinier-79-who-headed-afro-american-studies-at-harvard.html.
- ↑ Nielsen, Euell (14 September 2020). "Donald Jasper Harris (1938- ) •" (in en-US). https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/donald-jasper-harris-1938/.
- ↑ Rajesh, Malavika (26 July 2021). "A force of nature: Odette Harris' journey to becoming America's second Black female neurosurgery professor" (in en-US). https://stanforddaily.com/2021/07/26/a-force-of-nature-odette-harris-journey-to-becoming-americas-second-black-female-neurosurgery-professor/.
- ↑ "Leadership Team- Peter Blair Henry | Citi". 2022. https://www.citigroup.com/citi/about/leaders/peter-henry-bio.html.
- ↑ "NYU Stern - Peter Henry - Dean Emeritus, Leonard N. Stern School of Business" (in en). 2020. https://www.stern.nyu.edu/faculty/bio/peter-henry.
- ↑ "ABOUT DR. HILL" (in en-US). 2021. https://www.jasondamianhill.com/about-1.
- ↑ "Robert Hill" (in en-US). 2022. https://www.theblackscholar.org/board/hill/.
- ↑ "William Jacob Holland" (in en-US). 16 August 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/william-jacob-holland.
- ↑ "Dr. Jacqueline Hughes-Oliver" (in en). 2022. https://execed.poole.ncsu.edu/people/dr-jacqueline-hughes-oliver/.
- ↑ "About 1" (in en-US). https://www.geneandrewjarrett.com/about.
- ↑ "Gene Andrew Jarrett | Department of English". 2022. https://english.princeton.edu/people/gene-andrew-jarrett.
- ↑ Parry, Bill (4 June 2019). "President of Jamaica's York College steps down after 14 years to return to the classroom – QNS.com" (in en-US). https://qns.com/2019/06/president-of-jamaicas-york-college-steps-down-after-14-years-to-return-to-the-classroom/.
- ↑ "Heather Knight Resigns as Pacific Union College President, Effective January 2017 | Adventist Review" (in en-US). 8 December 2016. https://adventistreview.org/news/heather-knight-resigns-as-pacific-union-college-president-effective-january-2017/.
- ↑ Hoffman, Natalie (21 October 2009). "Taking the helm at PUC" (in en). https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/taking-the-helm-at-puc/article_5214a110-23de-5d96-ad29-eb289bf78a34.html.
- ↑ Weinberg, Justin (20 September 2021). "Charles Mills (1951-2021) (updated)" (in en-US). https://dailynous.com/2021/09/20/charles-mills-1951-2021/.
- ↑ "Keith Morrison | Smithsonian American Art Museum" (in en-US). https://americanart.si.edu/artist/keith-morrison-5700.
- ↑ "Resume | Keith Anthony Morrison" (in en-US). 2022. http://keithmorrison.com/?page_id=203.
- ↑ Genzlinger, Neil (11 July 2019). "Colin Palmer, Historian of the African Diaspora, Is Dead at 75" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/11/education/colin-palmer-dead.html.
- ↑ "Orlando Patterson" (in en). 2022. https://sociology.fas.harvard.edu/people/orlando-patterson.
- ↑ "Paul Ramphal". 2019. https://researchday2019.sunshinelearner.com/speakers/paul-ramphal/.
- ↑ "Donald Richards" (in en). https://science.psu.edu/stat/people/dsr11.
- ↑ "| Yale School of the Environment" (in en). 2021. https://environment.yale.edu/profile/taylor.
- ↑ Brentin Mock (29 July 2014). "Think people of color don't care about the environment? Think again" (in en-us). https://grist.org/climate-energy/think-people-of-color-dont-care-about-the-environment-think-again/.
- ↑ "Ekwueme Michael Thelwell | Office of Equity and Inclusion". 2022. https://www.umass.edu/diversity/blackpresence/thelwell.
- ↑ "Heather A. Williams | Africana Studies". 2022. https://africana.sas.upenn.edu/people/heather-williams.
- ↑ "University of Texas Henry Vernon Wong 1938". https://web2.ph.utexas.edu/utphysicshistory/VernonWong.html.
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 "I Love Jamaica – Superstars". https://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/ilove/jamaica/superstars.shtml.
- ↑ Chuba, Kirsten (21 August 2021). "Hollywood Flashback: Harry Belafonte Won a Barrier-Breaking Emmy in 1960" (in en-US). https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/harry-belafonte-emmys-1235000335/.
- ↑ 41.00 41.01 41.02 41.03 41.04 41.05 41.06 41.07 41.08 41.09 41.10 41.11 41.12 41.13 41.14 "Celebrities". http://www.jamaicanpride.com/Celebrities/index.htm.
- ↑ Corbin Bleu Script error: No such module "webarchive". – "I'm a spicy blend of Jamaican (my dad) and Italian (my mom)."
- ↑ Kaitlyn McNab, Kendall Bessent (24 February 2021). "Antonia Gentry's Role in "Ginny & Georgia" Is Her Dream Come True" (in en-US). https://www.teenvogue.com/story/ginny-and-georgia-star-antonia-gentry-interview.
- ↑ Savage, Joni (8 September 2018). "Morris W. Morris/ Lewis Morrison (1845-1906) •" (in en-US). https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/morris-morris-w-lewis-morrison-1845-1906/.
- ↑ Jamaican Hall Of Fame: Actress, Sheryl Lee Ralph (Jamaica)
- ↑ "David Reivers Actor". http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/david-reivers/231218.
- ↑ "MADGE SINCLAIR" (in en). https://www.emmys.com/bios/madge-sinclair.
- ↑ "Kerry Washington" (in en). https://www.emmys.com/bios/kerry-washington.
- ↑ "State of Oregon: Black in Oregon - America Waldo Bogle and Richard Arthur Bogle". https://sos.oregon.gov/archives/exhibits/black-history/Pages/families/bogle.aspx.
- ↑ "Richard Bogle and America Waldo Bogle | Penrose Library, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA". 21 February 2017. https://library.whitman.edu/blog/richard-bogle-and-america-waldo-bogle/.
- ↑ "Ann-Marie Campbell" (in en). 2022. https://www.forbes.com/profile/ann-marie-campbell/.
- ↑ 52.0 52.1 "Two Jamaicans among Forbes' CEO Next list" (in en-US). 21 July 2021. https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/latest-news/two-jamaicans-among-forbes-ceo-next-list/.
- ↑ Katz, David (22 February 2008). "Obituary: Vincent 'Randy' Chin" (in en). http://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/feb/22/guardianobituaries.artsobituaries.
- ↑ Wartofsky, Alona (10 May 2004). "At Radio City Music Hall, A Happy Reggae Birthday (washingtonpost.com)". https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A13339-2004May9.html.
- ↑ "Susan M. Collins" (in en). 9 February 2022. https://www.bostonfed.org/news-and-events/press-releases/2022/federal-reserve-bank-of-boston-names-its-next-president-and-chief-executive-officer.aspx#feature-cards.
- ↑ Saphir, Ann (9 February 2022). "Boston Fed picks Susan Collins, first Black woman to lead a Fed bank" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/us/university-michigans-collins-lead-boston-fed-2022-02-09/.
- ↑ Cooper, Leah Faye (1 April 2022). "Emma Grede Steps Into the Spotlight—And Onto Your TV Screen" (in en-US). https://www.elle.com/fashion/a39528814/emma-grede-profile/.
- ↑ "Caribbean Restaurant Franchise & Manufacturer" (in en). 2022. https://www.goldenkrust.com/.
- ↑ Bailey, Harold (10 January 2010). "Golden Krust: The Jamaican success story continues" (in en-US). https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/golden-krust-the-jamaican-success-story-continues/.
- ↑ "Vincent HoSang and his change of fortune story | Mona School of Business & Management". https://www.mona.uwi.edu/msbm/news/vincent-hosang-and-his-change-fortune-story.
- ↑ Martin, Douglas (9 April 2010). "J. Bruce Llewellyn, Who Forged a Path for Blacks in Business, Is Dead at 82" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/10/business/10llewellyn.html.
- ↑ Hughes, Sali (6 August 2017). "Beauty queen: how Pat McGrath revolutionised makeup" (in en). http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2017/aug/06/beauty-queen-how-pat-mcgrath-revolutionised-makeup.
- ↑ "Pat McGrath Labs is worth more than Kylie Cosmetics (and it's finally coming to the UK)" (in en-GB). 7 March 2019. https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/beauty/make-up-nails/a26748058/pat-mcgrath-labs-kylie-cosmetics/.
- ↑ "Graham N. Robinson" (in en). 2020. https://www.stanleyblackanddecker.com/who-we-are/our-leadership/graham-n-robinson.
- ↑ "First Republic: Christopher Williams and Janice Savin Williams" (in en). 2022. https://www.firstrepublic.com/about-us/testimonials/christopher-and-janice-williams.
- ↑ West, Melanie Grayce (24 June 2013). "Couple's Gift Keeps Summer in Swing" (in en-US). Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323683504578565702368802838.html.
- ↑ Azeez, Walé (14 October 2021). "Microsoft's Jacky Wright had to leave the UK to become its most influential Black person". https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/14/tech/jacky-wright-microsoft-powerlist/index.html.
- ↑ McLeod, Sheri-Kae (3 February 2021). "Jamaican-American Lawyer Becomes First Black Woman to Lead ACLU" (in en-US). https://www.caribbeannationalweekly.com/legal-news/jamaican-american-lawyer-becomes-first-black-woman-to-lead-aclu/.
- ↑ "Governor Ron DeSantis Appoints Judge Renatha Francis to Serve as First Jamaican-American on the Florida Supreme Court" (in en-US). 26 May 2020. https://www.flgov.com/2020/05/26/governor-ron-desantis-appoints-judge-renatha-francis-to-serve-as-first-jamaican-american-on-the-florida-supreme-court/.
- ↑ 70.0 70.1 "National Association of the Deaf - NAD". 2022. https://www.nad.org/2013/07/17/nad-applauds-appointment-of-claudia-gordon-as-public-engagement-advisor-at-the-white-house/.
- ↑ "April 20 1974". https://www.vassar.edu/chronology/records/1974/1974-04-20-guinier-lecture.html.
- ↑ "American Immigration Lawyers Association - Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee (D-TX-18)". https://www.congressweb.com/AILA.
- ↑ Liptak, Adam (26 January 2022). "Justice Leondra R. Kruger of the California Supreme Court is a possible nominee." (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/26/us/politics/justice-leondra-r-kruger.html.
- ↑ Greaves, Natalie (15 January 2018). "South Florida Attorney David P. Rowe dies at age 58" (in en-US). https://www.caribbeannationalweekly.com/caribbean-breaking-news-featured/south-florida-attorney-david-p-rowe-dies-age-58/.
- ↑ "Jewel C. Scott, First Jamaican-American to Win a Seat as Superior Court Judge in Atlanta" (in en-US). 13 June 2020. https://sflcn.com/jewel-c-scott-first-jamaican-american-to-win-a-seat-as-superior-court-judge-in-atlanta/.
- ↑ Walker, Karyl (28 June 2020). "Jewel Scott breaks legal and racial barriers in Georgia" (in en). https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20200628/jewel-scott-breaks-legal-and-racial-barriers-georgia.
- ↑ Weiss Serota Helfman Cole + Bierman (20 August 2021). "ALISON F. SMITH DISCUSSES BEING PRESIDENT-ELECT OF THE BROWARD COUNTY BAR ASSOCIATION". https://www.wsh-law.com/news-updates/alison-f-smith-discusses-being-president-elect-of-the-broward-county-bar-association/.
- ↑ "Jamaican American lawyer is first black woman president of Broward County Bar Association" (in en-US). 19 July 2021. https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/jamaican-american-lawyer-is-first-black-woman-president-of-broward-county-bar-association/.
- ↑ "Watson, James Lopez". https://www.fjc.gov/node/1392936.
- ↑ Saxon, Wolfgang (6 September 2001). "James Lopez Watson, 79, Judge on U.S. Trade Court" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/06/nyregion/james-lopez-watson-79-judge-on-us-trade-court.html.
- ↑ "New York Law School Heritage". June 2007. https://alumni.nyls.edu/Document.Doc?id=16.
- ↑ "BARBARA M. WATSON IS DEAD; FORMER U.S. DIPLOMAT WAS 64" (in en-US). The New York Times. 18 February 1983. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1983/02/18/obituaries/barbara-m-watson-is-dead-former-us-diplomat-was-64.html.
- ↑ Weiser, Benjamin (7 October 2021). "For the First Time in 232 Years, a Black Prosecutor Leads a Storied Office" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/07/nyregion/damian-williams-us-attorney.html.
- ↑ "Clifford Alexander" (in en). 2017. https://www.jamaicanamericans.com/clifford-alexander.html.
- ↑ "Medal of Honor Recipients Interim Awards, 1871-1898". 2007. http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/int1871-98.html.
- ↑ Afrika Bambaataa: "djhistory Interview" Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- ↑ BBC – Cult – I Love Jamaica – Superstars
- ↑ "Harry Belafonte Fast Facts". 14 February 2022. https://www.cnn.com/2013/07/07/us/harry-belafonte-fast-facts/index.html.
- ↑ "Thom Bell". 2022. https://www.grammy.com/artists/thom-bell/10201.
- ↑ "Songwriter Kenny Gamble Salutes 2017 Trustees Award Recipient Thom Bell". 2022. https://www.grammy.com/videos/songwriter-kenny-gamble-salutes-2017-trustees-award-recipient-thom-bell.
- ↑ Jamaican Ancestry
- ↑ "Salt-N-Pepa". 2022. https://www.grammy.com/artists/salt-n-pepa/16371.
- ↑ Weiss, Jeff (August 3, 2016). "Delroy Edwards, One of L.A.'s Best Dance Music Producers, Remains an Enigma". LA Weekly. https://www.laweekly.com/delroy-edwards-one-of-l-a-s-best-dance-music-producers-remains-an-enigma/.
- ↑ "Tori Kelly". 2022. https://www.grammy.com/artists/tori-kelly/19120.
- ↑ "Stephen Marley". 2022. https://www.grammy.com/artists/stephen-marley/9331.
- ↑ ""Lady Marmalade" Wins Best Pop Collaboration With Vocals". 2022. https://www.grammy.com/videos/44th-annual-grammy-awards-best-pop-collaboration-with-vocals.
- ↑ "'The Revolution Will Not Be Televised' Author Dies". Gleaner Company. 30 May 2011. http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20110530/ent/ent4.html.
- ↑ "Gil Scott-Heron: Lifetime Achivement Award Acceptance". 2022. https://www.grammy.com/videos/family-of-gil-scott-heron-accepting-his-lifetime-achivement-award-at-special-merit-awards.
- ↑ "Shaggy". 2022. https://www.grammy.com/artists/shaggy/10082.
- ↑ Williams, Lena (1985-01-30). "Man in the News; Milestone for New Mt. Vernon Mayor". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1985/01/30/nyregion/man-in-the-news-milestone-for-new-mt-vernon-mayor.html.
- ↑ Spillane, Matt (2017-02-27). "Service set for former Mount Vernon mayor Ronald Blackwood". The Journal News. http://www.lohud.com/story/news/local/westchester/mount-vernon/2017/02/27/service-set-mount-vernon-mayor-ronald-blackwood/98473028/.
- ↑ "Michael Blake Brings It All Back Home to the Bronx". The Observer. July 23, 2014. http://observer.com/2014/07/michael-blake-brings-it-all-back-home-to-the-bronx/.
- ↑ Milwaukee, Urban. "Rep. Bowen Statement on Passing of His Last Living Grandparent" (in en). https://urbanmilwaukee.com/pressrelease/rep-bowen-statement-on-passing-of-his-last-living-grandparent/.
- ↑ "Chutkan, Tanya Sue" (in en-US). https://www.fjc.gov/node/1394546.
- ↑ JOHNSON, CARRIE (14 April 2021). "Kristen Clarke's Civil Rights Record Led Her To Barrier-Breaking DOJ Nomination" (in en). NPR.org. https://www.npr.org/2021/04/14/986851081/kristen-clarkes-civil-rights-record-led-her-to-barrier-breaking-doj-nomination.
- ↑ Ornish, Natalie (12 May 2016). "TSHA | De Cordova, Jacob Raphael". https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/de-cordova-jacob-raphael.
- ↑ "Brian Cunningham wins Assembly special election in Brooklyn" (in en). https://www.cityandstateny.com/politics/2022/03/brian-cunningham-wins-assembly-special-election-brooklyn/363497/.
- ↑ "Alexander Dallas" (in en). 2022. https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/alexander-dallas/.
- ↑ "Black History Month - Claudia Gordon" (in en-US). 14 February 2022. https://www.centerforlearnerequity.org/news/black-history-month-claudia-gordon/.
- ↑ "Commissioner Denise D. Grant | City of Lauderhill". 2022. https://www.lauderhill-fl.gov/commission/commissioner-denise-d-grant.
- ↑ Henry, Carma (30 March 2022). "Longtime Public Servant Dale Holness Announces Campaign for Congress in Florida's 20th District". https://thewestsidegazette.com/longtime-public-servant-dale-holness-announces-campaign-for-congress-in-floridas-20th-district/.
- ↑ "Full Biography Sheila Jackson Lee" (in en). 11 December 2012. https://jacksonlee.house.gov/about/full-biography.
- ↑ "Donna McLeod's Biography". Vote Smart. https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/biography/169282/donna-mcleod. Retrieved April 7, 2021.
- ↑ "Shirley Nathan-Pulliam, Maryland State Senator". https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/05sen/former/html/msa12283.html.
- ↑ "The Voter's Self Defense System". http://votesmart.org/.
- ↑ "Belafonte Slams Powell – Celebrity Gossip". http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,65286,00.html.
- ↑ Taraborelli, John. "10 To Watch: Marcia Ranglin-Vassell: Incoming State Representative, House District 5" (in en). https://providenceonline.com/stories/marcia-ranglin-vassell,21597.
- ↑ VENGOECHEA, XIMENA S (1 March 2006). "Outside the Box | Magazine | The Harvard Crimson". https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2006/3/1/outside-the-box-it-was-in/.
- ↑ "NYS Assembly Press Release - January 28, 2002". 28 February 2002. https://assembly.state.ny.us/Press/20020128c/.
- ↑ McLeod, Sheri-Kae (2021-05-03). "Jamaican-born Winsome Sears the First Black Female Republican to Run for Lieutenant Governor in Virginia" (in en). https://www.caribbeannationalweekly.com/caribbean-breaking-news-featured/jamaican-born-winsome-sears-the-first-black-female-republican-to-run-for-lieutenant-governor-in-virginia/.
- ↑ "CONGRESSIONAL RECORD". https://www.congress.gov/crec/2000/12/04/CREC-2000-12-04-pt1-PgE2119-3.pdf.
- ↑ Peck, Louis (2017-01-10). "Montgomery County Democratic Committee Names One of Its Members To Fill District 20 Delegate Vacancy" (in en-US). https://bethesdamagazine.com/bethesda-beat/politics/montgomery-county-democratic-committee-names-one-of-its-members-to-fill-district-20-delegate-vacancy/.
- ↑ "E. Dale Abel, MD, PhD" (in en). 2022. https://www.endocrine.org/our-community/profiles/abel-dale.
- ↑ "Biography | E. Dale Abel Laboratory". https://abel.lab.uiowa.edu/biography.
- ↑ Schuchart (22 February 2021). "Celebrating Black History Month with A/E/C Heroes" (in en-US). https://schuchart.com/2021/02/22/celebrating-black-history-month-with-a-e-c-heroes/.
- ↑ "Gov. Newsom Appoints California's First-Ever Surgeon General" (in en-US). 21 January 2019. https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/gov-newsom-appoints-californias-first-ever-surgeon-general/2640/.
- ↑ Garofoli, Joe (2 November 2014). "Google gives $3 million to Nadine Burke Harris' Bayview clinic" (in en-US). https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Google-gives-3-million-to-Nadine-Burke-Harris-5865372.php.
- ↑ "Ira Lunan Ferguson papers - Archives West". 2013. https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv127229.
- ↑ Roberts, Sam (7 April 2016). "Yvette Fay Francis-McBarnette, a Pioneer in Treating Sickle Cell Anemia, Dies at 89" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/08/nyregion/yvette-fay-francis-mcbarnette-a-pioneer-in-treating-sickle-cell-anemia-dies-at-89.html.
- ↑ "Breaking barriers in medicine and race > Alumni > Spring 2011 | Yale Medicine". 2016-04-23. http://yalemedicine.yale.edu/spring2011/people/alumni/109125/.
- ↑ GANGULY, PRABARNA (19 January 2021). "Dr. Neil Hanchard joins NHGRI as a clinical investigator" (in en). https://www.genome.gov/news/news-release/Neil-Hanchard-joins-nhgri-as-a-clinical-investigator.
- ↑ "Dr. Karen E. Nelson: Intersecting Science and Humanity to Boost Global Health" (in en). 28 April 2016. https://www.ccp.edu/about-us/news/featured-news-article/dr-karen-e-nelson-intersecting-science-and-humanity-boost-global.
- ↑ "Dr. Karen E. Nelson – a game-changing scientist breaking barriers" (in en-US). 29 April 2016. https://tri-statedefender.com/dr-karen-e-nelson-a-game-changing-scientist-breaking-barriers/04/29/.
- ↑ "Prof Lalor's Order of Merit well deserved". 8 August 2019. https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/editorial/prof-lalor-s-order-of-merit-well-deserved_171785?profile=146.
- ↑ "US Patent for Protective enclosure for use transporting orbital replacement units (orus) within a space craft Patent (Patent # 6,863,190 issued March 8, 2005) - Justia Patents Search". 20 September 2002. https://patents.justia.com/patent/6863190.
- ↑ "Robert Rashford Biography Webb Telescope/NASA" (in en). https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/content/meetTheTeam/people/rashford.html.
- ↑ "Icons" (in en-US). 2017. https://icons.niherst.gov.tt/icon/robert-rashford-ci1/.
- ↑ "Clipping from Centre Daily Times" (in en). http://kansasstatehistoricalsociety.newspapers.com/clip/71022480/centre-daily-times/.
- ↑ Richards, Merecedes (30 September 1995) (in en). Chromospheric Activity in Algol Binaries.. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA308095.
- ↑ "Mercedes Richards Receives Musgrave Gold Medal — Eberly College of Science". 2013. http://science.psu.edu/news-and-events/2008-news/Richards11-2008.htm.
- ↑ "Black History Month Spotlight: John Henry Thompson" (in en-US). 11 February 2016. https://www.caribbeannationalweekly.com/black-history-month-feature/black-history-month-spotlight-john-henry-thompson/.
- ↑ "John Henry Thompson: Computer Programming and Software Inventions" (in en-US). 2019. https://www.black-inventor.com/john-thompson.
- ↑ Pryce, Vinette K. (18 April 2020). "Gil Bailey: Godfather of Reggae passes – Caribbean Life" (in en-US). https://www.caribbeanlife.com/gil-bailey-godfather-of-reggae-passes/.
- ↑ News 12 Staff (20 May 2022). "Pilot who previously held Guinness World Record gives back through aviation lessons". https://connecticut.news12.com/pilot-who-previously-held-guinness-world-record-gives-back-through-aviation-lessons.
- ↑ Batchelor, Amanda (17 March 2016). "Dexter Williams appointed Miramar police chief" (in en). https://www.local10.com/news/2016/03/17/dexter-williams-appointed-miramar-police-chief/.