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List of proposed geoengineering schemes

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This is a list of notable geoengineering schemes proposed in scientific journals.

Solar radiation management, cloud modification[]

Solar radiation management[1][2][3]

Atmospheric projects[]

General proposals[4]

Cloud seeding[]

Terrestrial albedo modification[]

Land management / Bio-geoengineering[]

Ocean schemes[]

Space projects[]

  • Diffraction grating or lens in space, (L1 point)[52][53][54]

Lunar spectrum shifting – to accelerate chlorophyll metabolic clocks <ref: http://www.countercurrents.org/cc-scheff271005.htm >

Greenhouse gas remediation[]

Main article: Greenhouse gas remediation

Carbon sequestration[]

Main article: Carbon sequestration

Biological processes[]

Physical processes[]

Chemical techniques[]

Other greenhouse gas remediation[]

  • CFC laser photochemistry[100]

Other schemes[]

Ocean heat transport[101] Methane remediation using NOx[102]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ↑ Hoyle, F., 1957: The Black Cloud, Harper and Brothers, New York.
  2. ↑ Kahle, A. B., and D. Deirmendjian, 1973: The black cloud experiment, Rand Corporation report R-1263-ARPA, Santa Monica CA.
  3. ↑ Teller, E.; Hyde, T.; Wood, L. (2002) (PDF). Active Climate Stabilization: Practical Physics-Based Approaches to Prevention of Climate Change. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. https://e-reports-ext.llnl.gov/pdf/244671.pdf. Retrieved 21 April 2008. 
  4. ↑ Harshvardhan (June 1978). "Albedo enhancement and perturbation of radiation balance due to stratospheric aerosols". Unknown. 1978aepr.rept.....H. 
  5. ↑ Budyko, M. I., Climate Changes, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, English translation of 1974 Russian volume, 1977, p. 244
  6. ↑ National Academy of Sciences, Policy implications of greenhouse warming: Mitigation, adaptation and the science base. National Academy Press, Washington DC, 1992, pp. 433–464.
  7. ↑ Problems with geo-engineering schemes to combat climate change, G. Bala, CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 96, NO. 1, 10 January 2009
  8. ↑ United States Patent 5003186: Stratospheric Welsbach seeding for reduction of global warming
  9. ↑ Keith, David W.: Photophoretic levitation of engineered aerosols for geoengineering, PNAS, published 07. September 2010
  10. ↑ Crutzen, Paul J. (2006). "Albedo enhancement by stratospheric sulfur injections: A contribution to resolve a policy dilemma?" (PDF). Climatic Change 77 (3–4): 211–219. doi:10.1007/s10584-006-9101-y. http://www.springerlink.com/content/t1vn75m458373h63/fulltext.pdf. 
  11. ↑ "Can a Million Tons of Sulfur Dioxide Combat Climate Change?". Wired. 23 June 2008. http://www.wired.com/science/planetearth/magazine/16-07/ff_geoengineering. 
  12. ↑ Paul Crutzen, "Albedo enhancement by stratospheric sulfur injections: a contribution to resolve a policy dilemma?" Journal of Climatic Change, vol. 77, no. 3-4, August 2006
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Bates et al. – Sulfur Emissions to the Atmosphere from Natural Sources". Pmel.noaa.gov. http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/pubs/outstand/bate1229/estimate.shtml. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  14. ↑ Latham, J. (1990). "Control of global warming" (PDF). Nature 347 (6291): 339–340. doi:10.1038/347339b0. http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/people/latham/files/Latham_Nature_1990.pdf. 
  15. ↑ Latham, J.; Salter, S. (PDF). Preventing global warming by increasing cloud albedo. http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/people/latham/files/cloud_albedo_onepage_handout.pdf. Retrieved 20 April 2008.  (A brief handout, with artist's renderings.)
  16. ↑ Keith Bower et al., "Assessment of a Proposed Technique for Global Warming Mitigation via Albedo-Enhancement of Marine Stratocumulus Clouds", Atmospheric Research, vol. 82, no. 1-2, pp. 328–336
  17. ↑ Latham, J. (2002). "Amelioration of global warming by controlled enhancement of the albedo and longevity of low-level maritime clouds" (PDF). Atmos. Sci. Lett. 3 (2–4): 52–58. doi:10.1006/asle.2002.0099. http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/people/latham/files/cloud_albedo_atmos_sci_lett_2002.pdf. 
  18. ↑ Salter, S, G. Sortino & J. Latham, (2008). Sea-going hardware for the cloud albedo method of reversing global warming, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, Template:Doi
  19. ↑ Latham, J. 1990 Control of global warming? Nature 347, 339–340.
  20. ↑ Latham, J., Philip .J. Rasch, C.C.Chen, L. Kettles, A. Gadian, A. Gettelman, H. Morrison, K. Bower., 2008. Global Temperature Stabilization via Controlled Albedo Enhancement of Low-level Maritime Clouds. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A, Template:Doi
  21. ↑ Reference. J. Latham, P.J. Rasch, C.C.Chen, L. Kettles, A. Gadian, A. Gettelman, H. Morrison, K. Bower, T.W.Choularton., Global Temperature Stabilization via Controlled Albedo Enhancement of Low-level Maritime Clouds. 2008. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A, 366, 3969?3987, Template:Doi
  22. ↑ Atmospheric Environment 41 (2007) 7373–7375
  23. ↑ {{cite web|url=http://www.climos.com/news/articles/slowingglobal.htm |title=[[Oliver W. Wingenter |publisher=Climos.com |accessdate=8 May 2012}}
  24. ↑ Coale, K. H.; Johnson, K. S.; Buesseler, K.; Sofex Group, . (2002). "SOFeX: Southern Ocean Iron Experiments. Overview and Experimental Design". American Geophysical Union 22: 01. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "Microsoft Word - 9-5 ETCC.doc" (PDF). http://www.johnduke.com/JDukeETCC09052007.pdf. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 http://www.cosis.net/abstracts/EGU2008/10885/EGU2008-A-10885.pdf
  27. ↑ "Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming: Mitigation, Adaptation, and the Science Base". Books.nap.edu. http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=1605&page=824. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  28. ↑ Teller et al, 1997
  29. ↑ "IPCC Third Assessment Report – Climate Change 2001 – Complete online versions | UNEP/GRID-Arendal – Publications – Other". Grida.no. http://www.grida.no/publications/other/ipcc_tar/?src=/CLIMATE/IPCC_TAR/wg3/176.htm. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  30. ↑ [1][dead link]
  31. ↑ Gregory Benford from the November 1997 issue. "Climate Controls". Reason.com. http://www.reason.com/news/show/30433.html. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  32. ↑ Wade, Stephen (29 February 2008). "Rain out: China aims to control Olympics weather". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/weather/research/2008-02-29-china-weather_N.htm. Retrieved 8 May 2010. 
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Template:Cite doi
  34. ↑ Hashem Akbari et al., "Global Cooling: Increasing World-wide Urban Albedos to Offset CO2", draft paper. Available online at: http://www.energy.ca.gov/2008publications/CEC-999-2008-020/CEC-999-2008-020.PDF
  35. ↑ Alvia Gaskill, "Desert Area Coverage", Global Albedo Enhancement Project. Available online at: http://www.global-warming-geo-engineering.org/Albedo-Enhancement/Surface-Albedo-Enhancement/Calculation-of-Coverage-Areas-to-Achieve-Desired-Level-of-ForcingOffsets/Desert-Area-Coverage/ag28.html
  36. ↑ "Global Albedo Enhancement Project: Surface Albedo Enhancement Principle". Global-warming-geo-engineering.org. http://www.global-warming-geo-engineering.org/Albedo-Enhancement/Surface-Albedo-Enhancement/ag21.html. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  37. ↑ M. Olefs and A.Fischer. "Comparative study of technical measures to reduce snow and ice ablation in Alpine glacier ski resorts". in "Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2007". http://imgi.uibk.ac.at/sekretariat/Publikationen/pub_pdf/Olefs_Comparative_austauschen_in%20press.. Retrieved 6 September 2009. [dead link]
  38. ↑ Watts, Robert G. (1997). "Cryospheric processes" (Digitized online by Googlebooks). Engineering Response to Global Climate Change: Planning a Research and Development Agenda. CRC Press. p. 419. ISBN 1-56670-234-8, 9781566702348. http://books.google.com/?id=nArq-K7ZiacC&pg=PA420&dq=climate+change+%22thicker+sea+ice%22. Retrieved 2 January 2009. 
  39. ↑ "Duct Tape Methods to Save the Earth: Re-Ice the Arctic". Popular Science. http://www.popsci.com/node/9444. Retrieved 4 March 2009. 
  40. ↑ "Climate_effects_of_deforestation" (PDF). http://www.carbonplanet.com/downloads/Climate_effects_of_afforestation.pdf. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  41. ↑ Hamwey (2006). "Active Amplification of the Terrestrial Albedo to Mitigate Climate Change: An Exploratory Study". Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 12 (4): 419. doi:10.1007/s11027-005-9024-3. 
  42. ↑ "A high-albedo diet will chill the planet – environment – 15 January 2009". New Scientist. http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16428-a-highalbedo-diet-will-chill-the-planet.html. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  43. ↑ Ridgwell et al., Tackling Regional Climate Change By Leaf Albedo Bio-geoengineering, Current Biology (2009), Template:Doi
  44. ↑ Template:Cite doi
  45. ↑ Template:Cite doi
  46. ↑ Schuttenhelm, Rolf (2008). "Diomede Crossroads – Saving the North Pole? Thoughts on plausibility". http://www.cleverclimate.org/climate/12/diomede_crossroads/. 
  47. ↑ "Could a Massive Dam Between Alaska and Russia Save the Arctic?". Huffington Post. 27 November 2010. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/alaskadispatchcom/could-a-massive-dam-betwe_b_788761.html. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 
  48. ↑ David W. Keith, "Geoengineering the climate: History and Prospect", Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, Vol. 25, 2000, pp. 245–284, Template:Doi
  49. ↑ Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, vol 60, p 1
  50. ↑ Roger Angel and S. Pete Worden, "Making Sun-Shades from Moon Dust", National Space Society, Ad Astra, vol. 18, no. 1, Summer 2006. Available online at: http://www.nss.org/adastra/volume18/angel.html
  51. ↑ LiveScience, Space Ring Could Shade Earth and Stop Global Warming
  52. ↑ See footnote 23 in E. Teller, L. Wood, and R. Hyde (1997) "Global Warming and Ice Ages: Prospects for Physics-Based Modulation of Global Change".
  53. ↑ E. Teller, L. Wood, and R. Hyde (1997) "Global Warming and Ice Ages: Prospects for Physics-Based Modulation of Global Change".
  54. ↑ See Russell Dovey, "Supervillainy: Astroengineering Global Warming and Bill Christensen, "Reduce Global Warming by Blocking Sunlight".
  55. ↑ "BG – Abstract – The impact on atmospheric CO2 of iron fertilization induced changes in the ocean's biological pump". Biogeosciences.net. 4 July 2010. http://www.biogeosciences.net/5/385/2008/bg-5-385-2008.html. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  56. ↑ "No Title". Formal.stanford.edu. http://www-formal.stanford.edu/pub/jmc/progress/iron/iron.html. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  57. ↑ Planktos, http://www.planktos-science.com/
  58. ↑ "Cold Carbon Sink: Slowing Global Warming with Antarctic Iron – SPIEGEL ONLINE". Der Spiegel. 18 December 2008. http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,599213,00.html#ref=rss. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  59. ↑ Friday, 9 November 2007 Anna SallehABC (9 November 2007). "Urea 'climate solution' may backfire › Analysis (ABC Science)". Australia: ABC. http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2007/11/09/2085584.htm. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  60. ↑ McDermott, Mat (22 August 2008). "Can Aerial Reforestation Help Slow Climate Change? Discovery Project Earth Examines Re-Engineering the Planet's Possibilities". TreeHugger. http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/08/aerial-reforestation-explored-in-discovery-project-earth-premiere.php. Retrieved 8 May 2012. 
  61. ↑ http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19826542.400-burying-biomass-to-fight-climate-change.html?full=true
  62. ↑ Lovelock, J. E. and Rapley, C. G.: Ocean pipes could help the earth to cure itself, Nature, 449, p. 403, 2007
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  64. ↑ James E. Lovelock and Chris G. Rapley, "Ocean pipes could help the earth to cure itself", Nature vol. 449, no. 7161, 27 September 2007, p. 403, Template:Doi
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  70. ↑ Obersteiner, M., Ch. Azar, P. Kauppi, K. Möllersten, J. Moreira, S.Nilsson, P. Read, K. Riahi, B. Schlamadinger, Y. Yamagata, J. Yan, and J.-P. van Ypersele, 2001: Managing climate risk, Science 294, 786–787.
  71. ↑ Christian Azar et al., "Carbon Capture and Storage From Fossil Fuels and Biomass – Costs and Potential Role in Stabilizing the Atmosphere", Climatic Change, vol. 74, no. 1-3, January 2006, pp. 47–79
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  73. ↑ http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19826542.400
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